Italian blood donors with anti-HBc and occult hepatitis B virus infection

Manzini, Paola; Girotto, Mauro; Borsotti, Raffaele; Giachino, Osvaldo; Guaschino, Roberto; Lanteri, M. P.; Testa, Domenico; Ghiazza, P.; Vacchini, Maria; Danielle, Franca; Pizzi, Alessandra; Valpreda, Chiara; Castagno, Franco; Curti, Franco; Mapelli, Paola; Abate, Maria Lorena; Smedile, Antonina; Rizzetto, Mario

doi:10.3324/haematol.11224

Cited by 86 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It is most common in regions where HBV infection is endemic [7,8]. Since the first evidence of OBI was reported in 1979, there has been continuous increase in the number of publications on OBI covering various areas of bio-medical and public health aspects [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult hepatitis B in blood donors in Indonesia: altered antigenicity of the hepatitis B virus surface protein

et al. 2010

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Background and aims Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) poses a challenge to the safety of blood donation. The prevalence of OBI is not well documented in Indonesia, although this information in such an endemic country is needed. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of occult hepatitis B in blood donors from two cities of Indonesia, and to study the genetic variation and its effect on the predicted antigenicity of HBsAg. Methods Serum samples of 309 regular blood donors negative for HBsAg were tested for anti-HBs and antiHBc. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA isolated from antiHBc-positive samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, cloned and sequenced. Antigenic properties of identified HBsAg mutants were predicted by calculation of the antigenic index. Results Of the 309 HBsAg-negative samples, anti-HBc was positive in 134 (43.4%) and HBV DNA was detected in 25 (8.1%). Seven of the viremic samples had nucleotide substitutions (A521G, A551T, C582T, and A562G) in the S gene, causing amino acid mutations (T123A, M133L, and T143M) in the 'a' determinant of HBsAg that resulted in changes in the predicted antigenicity. Conclusions OBI was detected in blood donors' samples in Indonesia. Anti-HBc was shown to be a better screening parameter than HBsAg, however, it might result in the loss of donors particularly in endemic countries. HBsAg detection failure in this study might be due to mutations altering the protein antigenicity and/or the low-level carriage of HBV.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult hepatitis B in blood donors in Indonesia: altered antigenicity of the hepatitis B virus surface protein

et al. 2010

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“…OHB'li hastalarda genotip D'nin daha sık olduğunu gösteren ça-lışmalar olsa da farklı sonuçlar elde edilen çalışmalar da mevcuttur. [6][7][8][9][10]21]. Yapılan bazı çalışmalarda ise özellikle seronegatif OHB oluşumunda HBV X geninde mutasyonların etkisini düşündüren sonuçlar elde edilmiştir [38].…”

Section: Patogenez Ve Klinikunclassified

“…Literatür incelendiğinde kan donörlerinde, neonatal dönemde HBV aşısı olmuş genç erişkinlerde, etiyolojisi bilinmeyen ALT yüksekliği olan hastalarda, hematopoyetik kök hücre donörlerin-de ve hemodiyaliz hastalarında antiHBs varlığında değişen viral yüklerde HBV DNA pozitifliği bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda antiHBs titresi de değişkenlik göstermekle birlikte pek çok ça-lışmada >100 IU/ml hatta 1000 IU/ml ve üstünde antiHBs dü-zeyi varlığında bile HBV DNA pozitifliği olduğu gösterilmiştir [7,8,16,20,30]. Tanımlanmış ikinci klinik durum ise, kaçak mutantlara bağlı gelişen OHB'dir.…”

Section: Patogenez Ve Klinikunclassified

“…Pencere dönemi dışında HBsAg negatif iken HBsAg'ye karşı antikor (antiHBs) veya Hepatit B Core antijenine karşı immünglo-bülin G yapısında antikor (antiHBc IgG) varlığında veya yokluğunda, kan veya dokularda HBV DNA varlığı OHB olarak adlandı-rılır. OHB'li hastalarda serum HBV DNA düzeyi ise genellikle 10 4 kopya/ml'den düşük saptanır ve bu düzey HBsAg pozitif kişilere göre anlamlı olarak düşüktür [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Ancak yapılan bazı çalışmalarda ise OHB varlığı ile antiHBc IgG ve antiHBs durumu arasında anlamlı korelasyon bulunamamıştır [19,20]. Literatürde çeşitli ül-kelerden HBsAg negatif, antiHBc IgG pozitif kan donörlerinde %0-%38 oranlarında HBV DNA pozitiflikleri bildirilmiştir [6,8,13,[21][22][23][24]. OHB'nin prevalansını etkileyen önemli bir faktör de, karaciğer hastalığının varlığıdır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2013

Ann Clin Anal Med

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Seroepidemiology and occult hepatitis B virus infection in young adults in Banjarmasin, Indonesia

Darmawan

Turyadi

El-Khobar

et al. 2014

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a public health problem in Indonesia. There has been limited data regarding HBV infection in young adult population. This study aimed to evaluate the seroepidemiology of HBV infection and characterize occult HBV variants in healthy young adults in Banjarmasin, Indonesia, who were born before the implementation of the universal infant hepatitis B vaccination. Serum samples of 195 healthy young adults were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs. The prevalence of HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs was 9 (4.6%), 62 (31.8%), and 96 (49.2%), respectively. Seventy four (37.9%) samples were seronegative for all three parameters, indicating the susceptibility to HBV infection. Among 66 samples positive for HBsAg and/or anti-HBc, 13 (19.7%) were HBV DNA positive; of these, four were HBsAg positive and nine were HBsAg negative, and categorized as occult HBV infection. Most occult HBV cases had high-level anti-HBs (>100 IU/l), suggesting that blood with positive anti-HBs and anti-HBc could not be regarded as noninfectious. Thirteen amino acid substitutions were identified: T126S, P127S, Q129R, T131N, M133T, and Y161S in the HBsAg-positive group; P120T, T126I, G145S, Y161F, E164V, and V168F in the occult-HBV group; and T143S in both groups. More studies are required to provide data on the prevalence and characteristics of mutants to ensure reliable diagnosis. The occult HBV infection, combined with the HBsAg prevalence, could indicate the high HBV carriage among young adults in this area. The high percentage of individuals susceptible to HBV infection reiterates the need for catch-up immunization strategies targeted at young adults.

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Italian blood donors with anti-HBc and occult hepatitis B virus infection

Cited by 86 publications

References 31 publications

Occult hepatitis B in blood donors in Indonesia: altered antigenicity of the hepatitis B virus surface protein

Occult hepatitis B in blood donors in Indonesia: altered antigenicity of the hepatitis B virus surface protein

Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Seroepidemiology and occult hepatitis B virus infection in young adults in Banjarmasin, Indonesia

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