Isovolumic Acceleration at Rest and During Exercise in Children

Abstract

In children over 7 years, it is possible to demonstrate the LV FFR by interval measurement of IVA during exercise. The availability of pediatric normal values for both this relation and resting LV IVA might facilitate future investigation of LV contractility and myocardial contractile reserve during childhood.

Evaluation of the effect of mitral stenosis severity on the left ventricular systolic function using isovolumic myocardial acceleration

“…Isovolumic acceleration is a new tissue Doppler parameter for the assessment of systolic function of both left and the right ventricles [13,14]. It remains unaffected by the changes in the preload and afterload within the physiological range [13][14][15][16] including age, sex and body mass index [25]. It can detect even small changes in the contractile function and is well correlated with the invasive or noninvasive measures of LV dP/dt [13,17].…”

Left Ventricular Contractile Reserve in Young Adults Long-Term After Repair of Coarctation of the Aorta

“…14 Stressed LV functional data after repair of CoA and IAA have not been reported. Disruption of FFRs has been reported in long-term survivors of childhood cancer survivors who had received anthracycline therapy, 10 in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot, 15 and in those after arterial switch operation for complete transposition of the great arteries. 16 In the present study, interrogation with FFR has provided new insights on LV performance during stress in patients late after repair of obstructive aortic lesions.…”

“…Myocardial acceleration during isovolumic contraction was determined as reported previously. 10 During bicycle ergometry, color tissue Doppler images were recorded intermittently with every 10 to 15 beats/min increase in heart rate. At least 10 cardiac cycles were recorded.…”

“…The sampling area was adjusted during exercise to provide the best alignment for Doppler interrogation, most commonly with movement downward along the LV free wall toward the apex from its initial position. 10 The average of 5 IVA measurements was obtained at each heart rate. FFR curves were generated by plotting IVA against the heart rate at different stages of exercise.…”

“…8 Assessment of LV contractile reserve with derivation of force-frequency relation (FFR), an intrinsic regulatory mechanism of cardiac contractility, 9 in the clinical setting has been simplified using noninvasive tissue Doppler tracking of changes in myocardial isovolumic acceleration (IVA) as heart rate increases during exercise stress. 10 In the present study, we assessed FFR in adolescents and young adults after repair of CoA and IAA and explored its associations with changes in systemic blood pressure during exercise stress.…”