Isotopic study of the origin of sulfur and carbon in Solfatara fumaroles, Campi Flegrei caldera

Allard, P.; Maiorani, A.; Tedesco, Dario; Cortecci, G.; Turi, B.

doi:10.1016/0377-0273(91)90039-3

Cited by 104 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The magmatic system is still active as testified by the last eruption occurred at Monte Nuovo in 1538 (Di Vito et al, 1987), the widespread fumarolic and thermal springs activity (Allard et al, 1991) and the recent unrest episodes (Casertano et al, 1976, Barberi et al, 1984, 1989Orsi et al, 1999, this vol ume). The existence of a magma chamber beneath the caldera has been postulated by Barberi et al (1978), Armienti et al (1983), Di Girolamo et al (1984, Rosi and Sbrana (1987), Villemant (1988) and Civetta et al (1991), and is likely located at shallow depth (4-5 km) (Ortiz et al,1984;Ferrucci et al, 1992;De Natale and Pingue, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal evolution of the Phlegraean magmatic system

Wohletz¹,

Civetta²,

Orsi³

1999

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

112

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal evolution of the Phlegraean magmatic system

Wohletz¹,

Civetta²,

Orsi³

1999

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

112

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“…Nevertheless, the spatially comprehensive values of CO 2 flux acquired through LARSS may help constrain the degassing process as a whole and then provide clues about the strength of the CO 2 source, for example via mass balance considerations (Allard et al, 1991), possibly adding to geochemical appraisals (Moretti et al, 2013). However, more measurements of this kind are needed (higher temporal resolution).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase in the supply of fluids and associated thermal energy into the hydrothermal system for depressurization of the magmatic source (Allard et al, 1991;Chiodini et al, 2016). This increased supply is thought to stem from either the ∼ 8 km deep main magma reservoir (Bodnar et al, 2007;Zollo et al, 2008;Moretti et al, 2017) or from a contribution of a magma batch that intruded into the shallow subsurface (∼ 3-4 km depth) concomitantly with the 1982-1984 unrest episode (Chiodini et al, 2010;Caliro et al, 2014) and is periodically rejuvenated by arrivals of deep, more primitive magma (Bagagli et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing CO<sub>2</sub> flux at Pisciarelli, Campi Flegrei, Italy

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The Campi Flegrei caldera is located in the metropolitan area of Naples (Italy) and has been undergoing different stages of unrest since 1950, evidenced by episodes of significant ground uplift followed by minor subsidence, increasing and fluctuating emission strengths of water vapor and CO 2 from fumaroles, and periodic seismic crises. We deployed a scanning laser remote-sensing spectrometer (LARSS) that measured path-integrated CO 2 concentrations in the Pisciarelli area in May 2017. The resulting mean CO 2 flux is 578 ± 246 t d −1 . Our data suggest a significant increase in CO 2 flux at this site since 2015. Together with recent geophysical observations, this suggests a greater contribution of the magmatic source to the degassing and/or an increase in permeability at shallow levels. Thanks to the integrated path soundings, LARSS may help to give representative measurements from large regions containing different CO 2 sources, including fumaroles, low-temperature vents, and degassing soils, helping to constrain the contribution of deep gases and their migration mechanisms towards the surface.

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“…The 1982-1984 bradyseismic crisis was accompanied by 1.8 m of net uplift and over 16,000 earthquakes between 0 and 4 km depth, most of which were located in the Solfatara and Pozzuoli areas (Figure 2.9). Extensive subaerial and submarine hot springs and fumaroles characterize current thermal activity in Campi Flegrei caldera [Allard et al, 1991]. The crater of Solfatara hosts the highest temperature fumaroles (140-160 o C) of the caldera [Allard et al, 1991].…”

Section: Solfatara Italymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive subaerial and submarine hot springs and fumaroles characterize current thermal activity in Campi Flegrei caldera [Allard et al, 1991]. The crater of Solfatara hosts the highest temperature fumaroles (140-160 o C) of the caldera [Allard et al, 1991]. The geochemistry of fumarolic fluids has been used to develop a conceptual model of the hydrothermal system.…”

Section: Solfatara Italymentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and industrial analogues for release of CO2 from storagereservoirs: Identification of features, events, and processes and lessonslearned

Lewicki¹,

Birkhölzer²,

Tsang³

2006

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. We thank J. Apps and A. Cortis for constructive review of this report. 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe injection and storage of anthropogenic CO 2 in deep geologic formations is a potentially feasible strategy to reduce CO 2 emissions and atmospheric concentrations. While the purpose of geologic carbon storage is to trap CO 2 underground, CO 2 could migrate away from the storage site into the shallow subsurface and atmosphere if permeable pathways such as well bores or faults are present. Large-magnitude releases of CO 2 have occurred naturally from geologic reservoirs in numerous volcanic, geothermal, and sedimentary basin settings. Carbon dioxide and natural gas have also been released from geologic CO 2 reservoirs and natural gas storage facilities, respectively, due to influences such as well defects and injection/withdrawal processes. These systems serve as natural and industrial analogues for the potential release of CO 2 from geologic storage reservoirs and provide important information about the key features, events, and processes (FEPs) that are associated with releases, as well as the health, safety, and environmental consequences of releases and mitigation efforts that can be applied.We describe a range of natural releases of CO 2 and industrial releases of CO 2 and natural gas in the context of these characteristics. Based on this analysis, several key conclusions can be drawn, and lessons can be learned for geologic carbon storage. First, CO 2 can both accumulate beneath, and be released from, primary and secondary reservoirs with capping units located at a wide range of depths. Both primary and secondary reservoir entrapments for CO 2 should therefore be well characterized at storage sites. Second, many natural releases of CO 2 have been correlated with a specific event that triggered the release, such as magmatic fluid intrusion or seismic activity. The potential for processes that could cause geomechanical damage to sealing cap rocks and trigger the release of CO 2 from a storage reservoir should be evaluated. Third, unsealed fault and fracture zones may act as fast and direct conduits for CO 2 flow from depth to the surface. Risk assessment should therefore emphasize determining the potential for and nature of CO 2 migration along these structures. Fourth, wells that are structurally unsound have the potential to rapidly release large quantities of CO 2 to the atmosphere. Risk assessment should therefore be focused on the potential for both active and abandoned wells at storage sites to transport CO 2 to the surface, particularly at sites with depleted oil or gas reservoirs where wells are abundant. Fifth, the style of CO 2 release at the surface varies widely between and within different leakage sites. In rare circumstances, the release of CO 2 can be a self-enhancing and/or eruptive process; this possibility should be assessed in the case of CO 2 leakage from storage reservoirs. Sixth, the hazard to human health has been small in most cases of large surface releases of CO 2 . This could be due to imp...

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Isotopic study of the origin of sulfur and carbon in Solfatara fumaroles, Campi Flegrei caldera

Cited by 104 publications

References 42 publications

Thermal evolution of the Phlegraean magmatic system

Thermal evolution of the Phlegraean magmatic system

Increasing CO<sub>2</sub> flux at Pisciarelli, Campi Flegrei, Italy

Natural and industrial analogues for release of CO2 from storagereservoirs: Identification of features, events, and processes and lessonslearned

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Isotopic study of the origin of sulfur and carbon in Solfatara fumaroles, Campi Flegrei caldera

Cited by 104 publications

References 42 publications

Thermal evolution of the Phlegraean magmatic system

Thermal evolution of the Phlegraean magmatic system

Increasing CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; flux at Pisciarelli, Campi Flegrei, Italy

Natural and industrial analogues for release of CO2 from storagereservoirs: Identification of features, events, and processes and lessonslearned

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Increasing CO<sub>2</sub> flux at Pisciarelli, Campi Flegrei, Italy