Isotopic characterization of the bioconversion of lactose into ethanol

Vallet, Claude; Mas’ud, Zainal Alim; Martin, Maryvonne L.

doi:10.1016/s0308-8146(97)00218-5

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Variability of the Isotopic Parameters of Commercial Lactose and Lactoserum. The results collected in Table 1 illustrate a relatively large dispersion a The overall carbon isotope deviations, δ 13 C (‰) (eq 1), have been measured by IRMS, on lactose, on ethanol resulting from its fermentation by Kluyveromyces fragilis, and on the biomass before and after fermentation (Vallet et al, 1998); (D/H) W S is the hydrogen isotope ratio of the starting water and (D/H) W Q that of the aqueous medium at the end of the fermentation; (D/H)I and (D/H)II are the hydrogen isotope ratios of the methyl and methylene sites of ethanol. Samples 1-10 were obtained from different commercial sources.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Fermentation of Lactose into Ethanol. The procedure used has been described previously (Vallet et al, 1998). The strain of K. fragilis, supplied by the mycotheque of the Catholic University in Louvain (Belgium), was grown at pH 6.2 on agar slants and stored at 4 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, there is a need for analytical methods capable of characterizing the lactose source of ethanol. The investigation of sitespecific natural isotope fractionation by nuclear magnetic resonance (SNIF-NMR) (Martin and Martin, 1981), which provides powerful authentication criteria (Martin and Martin, 1990), has been applied to the case of milk (Vallet et al, 1998). The lactose component extracted from milk can be isotopically characterized by resorting to the ethanol probe obtained in a fermentation by Kluyveromyces fragilis conducted under standardized conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stable Isotope Characterization of Milk Components and Whey Ethanol

Mas’ud

Vallet

Martin

1999

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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A multi-isotopic study of several components of milk has been carried out on commercial samples and on milk produced in feeding experiments involving different kinds of diets originating from C(3) or C(4) photosynthetic metabolisms and exhibiting a relatively wide range of isotope ratios. The dispersion of the carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen isotope parameters of dried matter and of the lactose, protein, and lipid components has been estimated. In addition, the carbohydrates were represented by the site specific isotope ratios (SNIF-NMR) of ethanol resulting from standardized fermentation of lactose. The rates of response of the isotopic parameters to changes in the feeding materials is slower for the minor components, proteins, and lipids than for lactose and ethanol. For similar diets, the nonexchangeable sites of lactose and the methyl site of ethanol, in particular, are relatively enriched in deuterium in the case of polygastric animals, cow, goat, and ewe, as compared to the monogastric species, sow and mare, and woman. From an analytical point of view, the carbon and hydrogen parameters of ethanol provide efficient criteria for identifying a whey origin with respect to other agricultural and fossil sources.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stable Isotope Characterization of Milk Components and Whey Ethanol

Mas’ud

Vallet

Martin

1999

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Projecting this partitioning on the gross production rates for the year 2000 (Demirbas, 2009) of 156 × 10 8 and 9.7 × 10 8 L for ethanol and biodiesel, respectively, will yield a rather high value for the average emission signature of −12.9 ‰ for these fuels. Here, the fractionation associated with the fermentation process during the ethanol production is assumed to be negligible, although a few studies (Vallet et al, 1998;Zhang et al, 2003) indicate that the biogenic ethanol may be even slightly enriched with respect to the source material. A substitution of the reference biofuel δ 13 C signature of −25 ‰ with the above-derived value of −12.9 ‰ will result in an unlikely strong increase (greater than +8 ‰) in the overall surface CO emission δ 13 C in eastern Asia and central Africa, compared to that for Europe and North America (+1.6 and +1.1 ‰, respectively), where biofuel is being less extensively used.…”

Section: For Details)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties of fluxes and 13C  ∕ 12C ratios of atmospheric reactive-gas emissions

2017

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Abstract. We provide a comprehensive review of the proxy data on the 13 C / 12 C ratios and uncertainties of emissions of reactive carbonaceous compounds into the atmosphere, with a focus on CO sources. Based on an evaluated set-up of the EMAC model, we derive the isotope-resolved data set of its emission inventory for the 1997-2005 period. Additionally, we revisit the calculus required for the correct derivation of uncertainties associated with isotope ratios of emission fluxes. The resulting δ 13 C of overall surface CO emission in 2000 of −(25.2 ± 0.7) ‰ is in line with previous bottom-up estimates and is less uncertain by a factor of 2. In contrast to this, we find that uncertainties of the respective inverse modelling estimates may be substantially larger due to the correlated nature of their derivation. We reckon the δ 13 C values of surface emissions of higher hydrocarbons to be within −24 to −27 ‰ (uncertainty typically below ±1 ‰), with an exception of isoprene and methanol emissions being close to −30 and −60 ‰, respectively. The isotope signature of ethane surface emission coincides with earlier estimates, but integrates very different source inputs. δ 13 C values are reported relative to V-PDB.

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“…Projecting this partitioning on the gross production rates for the year 2000 (Demirbas, 2009) of 156 10 8 and 9.7 10 8 litres for ethanol and biodiesel, respectively, will yield a rather high value for the average emission signature of 12.9 for these fuels. Here, the fractionation associated with the fermentation process during the ethanol production is assumed to be negligible, although a few studies (Vallet et al, 1998;Zhang et al, 2003) indicate that the biogenic ethanol may be even slightly enriched with respect to the source material. A substitution of the reference bio 13 C signature of 25 with the above derived value of 12.9…”

Section: Anthropogenic Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proxies and uncertainties for 13C/12C ratios of atmospheric reactive gases emissions

Gromov¹,

Brenninkmeijer²,

Jöckel³

2017

Preprint

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Abstract. We provide a comprehensive review of the proxy data on the 13C/12C ratios and uncertainties of emissions of reactive carbonaceous compounds into the atmosphere, with a focus on CO sources. Based on an evaluated setup of the EMAC model, we derive the isotope-resolved dataset of its emission inventory for the 1997&#8211;2005 period. Additionally, we revisit the calculus required for the correct derivation of uncertainties associated with isotope ratios of emission fluxes. The resulting overall surface CO emission &#948;13C in 2000 of &#8722;(25.2&#8201;&#177;&#8201;0.7)&#8201;&#8240; is in line with the previous bottom-up estimates and a factor of two less uncertain. In contrast to this, we find that uncertainties of the respective inverse modelling estimates are substantially larger due to the correlated nature of their derivation. We reckon the &#948;13C values of surface emissions of higher hydrocarbons being within &#8722;24&#8201;&#8240; to &#8722;27&#8201;&#8240; (uncertainty typically below &#177;1&#8201;&#8240;), with an exception of isoprene emissions being close to &#8722;30&#8201;&#8240;. The isotope signature of ethane surface emission coincides with earlier estimates, however integrating very different source inputs. &#948;13C values are reported relative to V-PDB.

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Isotopic characterization of the bioconversion of lactose into ethanol

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Stable Isotope Characterization of Milk Components and Whey Ethanol

Stable Isotope Characterization of Milk Components and Whey Ethanol

Uncertainties of fluxes and <sup>13</sup>C  ∕ <sup>12</sup>C ratios of atmospheric reactive-gas emissions

Proxies and uncertainties for <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C ratios of atmospheric reactive gases emissions

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Isotopic characterization of the bioconversion of lactose into ethanol

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Stable Isotope Characterization of Milk Components and Whey Ethanol

Stable Isotope Characterization of Milk Components and Whey Ethanol

Uncertainties of fluxes and &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C ∕ &lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;C ratios of atmospheric reactive-gas emissions

Proxies and uncertainties for &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C/&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;C ratios of atmospheric reactive gases emissions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Uncertainties of fluxes and <sup>13</sup>C  ∕ <sup>12</sup>C ratios of atmospheric reactive-gas emissions

Proxies and uncertainties for <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C ratios of atmospheric reactive gases emissions