Isoselective Lactide Ring Opening Polymerisation using [2]Rotaxane Catalysts

The current dominating production and consumption model is based on the linear economy (LE) model, within which raw materials are extracted-processed-consumed-discarded. A circular economy (CE) constitutes a regenerative systemic approach to economic development which views waste as a valuable resource to be reprocessed back into the economy. In order to understand the circular strategy for a systemic change from an LE to a CE as a means of resolving the issue of plastic waste, this research aims to map current circular strategy trends across the system perspective contained in the literature relating to plastic CE literature. The novelty of the research lies in the mapping and review of the distribution of comprehensive circular strategies within the 9R framework across the entire system perspective (e.g. micro-meso-macro) down to its sub-levels in the literature on a plastic CE. The bibliographic mapping and systematic literature review iindicateed that the majority of the research focused on recycle (R8), followed by refuse (R0), reuse (R3), and reduce (R2). Certain circular strategies are more appropriate to handling certain plastic materials, despite CE's favoring of prevention and recycling over incineration. Recover (R9) is often used to process mixed and contaminated plastic. Recycling (R8) is the most popular circular strategy and the most applicable to plastic material with three recycle trends, namely; mechanical recycling, chemical recycling and DRAM (Distributed-Recycling-and-Additive-Manufacturing). Prolonging the product life through refurbishing (R5) is not applicable to plastic due to its material limitations. Reduce (R2) popularity as circular strategy reflects the preference to reduce consumption, either by launching campaigns to prevent waste or increasing production efficiency. Research on Rethink (R1) has largely focused on rethinking product design, consumer and organization behavior and perceptions of CE. Refuse (R0) strategy is an adoption of bio-based plastics which have a similar function to fossil-based plastics.

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“… [ 122 ] X Single-use infant feeding bottle. [ 127 ] X Biodegradable plastic product design. [ 138 ] X Thermo-chemical exploitation of plastic.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliographic mapping of post-consumer plastic waste based on hierarchical circular principles across the system perspective

Sitadewi

Yudoko

Okdinawati

2021

Heliyon

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“…Alternatively, the ring‐opening alternating copolymerization (ROAC) of anhydrides and epoxides and the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of lactones are much more desirable syntheses, which offer a controlled polymerization route to produce polyesters under mild conditions. [ 7 ] Based on this, a selective copolymerization strategy can be developed with the combination of ROAC and ROP, producing block polyesters from the mixture of monomers in a one‐pot strategy. [ 8 ] For example, Williams and co‐workers reported that a commercially available chromium salen catalyst can combine the ROAC of phthalic anhydride (PA)/propylene oxide (PO) and the ROP of L‐lactide (LA) to produce well‐defined ABA triblock polyesters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A One‐Pot Strategy to Synthesize Block Copolyesters from Monomer Mixtures Using a Hydroxy‐Functionized Ionic Liquid

Song

Chen

et al. 2020

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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One‐pot transformation of monomer mixtures into block copolymers remains a key challenge. Herein, a metal‐free route to prepare block copolymers from monomer mixtures by a hydroxyl functionalized ionic liquid of 3‐(2‐hydroxyl‐ethyl)‐1‐methylimidazolium bromide (HEMIMB) is described. HEMIMB can bridge two catalytic cycles including ring‐opening alternating copolymerization (ROAC) of phthalic anhydride (PA) with epoxides and ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of L‐lactide (LA), and enable a selective copolymerization from PA, LA, and epoxides. The selective copolymerization depends on the presence of PA in mixed feedstocks, exhibits the first ROAC of PA with epoxides and then ROP of LA to the formation of block polyesters in one‐pot strategy. This work is beneficial to the development of metal‐free catalysts for sequence‐controlled polymerization that enable block architectures from mixtures of monomers.

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“…Beer and co‐workers investigated the use of rotaxanes for the ring‐opening polymerisation (ROP) of rac ‐lactide (Scheme 7). [29] Their study was based on rotaxanes bearing a crown ether macrocycle and a thread featuring an ammonium station together with an additional thiourea or triazole moiety (Scheme 7 a). In the protonated form of the rotaxane, the macrocycle binds to the ammonium unit while in the deprotonated form, the macrocycle becomes weakly bound to the amine with the possibility of moving freely along the axle.…”

Section: Rotaxane‐based Organocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Rotaxanes in Catalysis

Kwamen

Niemeyer

2020

Chemistry A European J

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Mechanically interlocked molecules(MIMs)h ave gained attention in the fieldo fc atalysis due to their unique molecular properties.C entral to MIMs, rotaxanesa re highly promising and attractive supramolecular catalysts due to their unique three-dimensional structures and the flexibility of their subcomponents. This Minireview discussest he use of rotaxanes in organocatalysis and transition-metal catalysis.

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Isoselective Lactide Ring Opening Polymerisation using [2]Rotaxane Catalysts

Cited by 62 publications

References 58 publications

Bibliographic mapping of post-consumer plastic waste based on hierarchical circular principles across the system perspective

Bibliographic mapping of post-consumer plastic waste based on hierarchical circular principles across the system perspective

A One‐Pot Strategy to Synthesize Block Copolyesters from Monomer Mixtures Using a Hydroxy‐Functionized Ionic Liquid

Functional Rotaxanes in Catalysis

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