The current dominating production and consumption model is based on the linear economy (LE) model, within which raw materials are extracted-processed-consumed-discarded. A circular economy (CE) constitutes a regenerative systemic approach to economic development which views waste as a valuable resource to be reprocessed back into the economy. In order to understand the circular strategy for a systemic change from an LE to a CE as a means of resolving the issue of plastic waste, this research aims to map current circular strategy trends across the system perspective contained in the literature relating to plastic CE literature. The novelty of the research lies in the mapping and review of the distribution of comprehensive circular strategies within the 9R framework across the entire system perspective (e.g. micro-meso-macro) down to its sub-levels in the literature on a plastic CE. The bibliographic mapping and systematic literature review iindicateed that the majority of the research focused on recycle (R8), followed by refuse (R0), reuse (R3), and reduce (R2). Certain circular strategies are more appropriate to handling certain plastic materials, despite CE's favoring of prevention and recycling over incineration. Recover (R9) is often used to process mixed and contaminated plastic. Recycling (R8) is the most popular circular strategy and the most applicable to plastic material with three recycle trends, namely; mechanical recycling, chemical recycling and DRAM (Distributed-Recycling-and-Additive-Manufacturing). Prolonging the product life through refurbishing (R5) is not applicable to plastic due to its material limitations. Reduce (R2) popularity as circular strategy reflects the preference to reduce consumption, either by launching campaigns to prevent waste or increasing production efficiency. Research on Rethink (R1) has largely focused on rethinking product design, consumer and organization behavior and perceptions of CE. Refuse (R0) strategy is an adoption of bio-based plastics which have a similar function to fossil-based plastics.
Environmental degradation require business to rethink their way of doing business. Industrial Ecology (IE) is a paradigm change that allows a cyclical resource-use in which Circular Economy (CE) rethink and recycle the waste generated into a industrial input, thereby reducing environmental burden. Industrial Ecology (IE) is one of the most referenced grand theories for Circular Economy (CE). This research aims to map IE to CE bibliographically to identify research trends, prominent researchers, and countries with the most publication. This research's methodology is bibliographic mapping of 112 articles using VOSviewer in three steps: data acquisition, data processing, and visual output. This research has identified three research findings. The first finding is the identification of five clusters that correspond with the current research trend. The second finding is identifying Geng Y., Lai K.H., and Zhu Q. as the leading researchers for CE and IE. The third finding is China is the leading country for CE and IE research. The implication is China aiming to transform its industry into environmentally more sustainable. Future research topic venue can incorporate other grand theories to expand the theoretical and practical focus of CE.
IJBG proposes and fosters discussion on various aspects of business and globalisation, including the physical environment and poverty. Objectives: The objectives of IJBG are to establish an effective channel of communication between policy makers, government agencies, academic and research institutions and persons concerned with the complex role of business and globalisation. The international dimension is emphasised in order to overcome cultural and national barriers and to meet the needs of accelerating technological and ecological change and changes in the global economy. Readership: IJBG provides a vehicle to help academics, researchers, policy makers, managers and entrepreneurs, working in business, to disseminate information and to learn from each other's work. Contents: IJBG publishes original empirical research, conceptual papers, and book reviews.
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