Isolation spore production and Kochs postulates of &lt;i&gt;Elsinoe pyri&lt;/i&gt;

Scheper, R.W.A.; Wood, P.N.; Fisher, B.M.

doi:10.30843/nzpp.2013.66.5669

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Fungal species belonging to the genus Elsinoë cause anthracnose diseases in several other crops such as apple, cassava, citrus, hazelnut and rose (Alvarez, Mejia, & Valle, 2003;Bagsic, Linde, & Debener, 2016;Hyun et al, 2009;Minutolo, Nanni, Scala, & Alioto, 2016;Scheper, Wood, & Fisher, 2013). A recent taxonomic study of Elsinoë spp.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phylogeny, morphology and pathogenicity of Elsinoë ampelina, the causal agent of grapevine anthracnose in Brazil and Australia

Santos

Spósito

Ayres

et al. 2017

Journal of Phytopathology

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Anthracnose caused by Elsinoë ampelina is one of the most important table grape diseases in humid regions in Brazil and Australia. The objective of this study was to characterize E. ampelina isolates from Brazil and Australia by means of phylogenetic analyses, morphological features and pathogenicity tests. Phylogenetic relationships among 35 isolates were determined based on a data set of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), histone H3 (HIS3) and elongation factor 1‐α (TEF) sequences. In phylogenetic tree analyses, using a combined ITS and TEF sequence alignment, all E. ampelina isolates were clustered together in a single well‐supported clade. In contrast to the absence of genetic variability within ITS and TEF sequences, HIS3 sequences showed 54 polymorphic sites. The haplotype network generated from HIS3 data set showed four distinct haplotypes. EA1 was the predominant haplotype including 29 isolates from both countries. High genetic variability was observed in two Brazilian isolates, haplotype EA4, which may have lost the intron region during species evolution. Colony colours differed between Brazilian and Australian isolates, but showed similar wrinkled colony texture, absence of spores, sparse‐to‐absent white aerial mycelium and slow growth (0.049–0.060 mm/day). Brazilian isolates produced conidia of 5.65 × 2.65 μm, larger than conidia from Australian isolates, which measured 5.14 × 2.30 μm. In pathogenicity tests, all nine Australian isolates inoculated were pathogenic on detached canes and potted vines of table grape.

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confidence: 99%

Phylogeny, morphology and pathogenicity of Elsinoë ampelina, the causal agent of grapevine anthracnose in Brazil and Australia

Santos

Spósito

Ayres

et al. 2017

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…In addition, the maximum number of conidia was 1.7 × 10 6 per plate, which was produced from the colonies of E. ampelina precultured for 6 days at 1.0 colony per cm 2 , as described by Kono et al (2009). The results of Scheper et al (2013) showed that the maximum number of conidia reached 6.0 × 10 5 per plate after 7 days of inoculation with 10 5 conidia in a CMA plate. In the present study, the average conidial yield was 5.0 × 10 6 conidia for every PDA bottle using our methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Although previous studies have reported the methods of conidial production in E. ampelina and E. pyri (Kono et al, 2009;Scheper et al, 2013), the precise density of colonies was difficult to control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological characterization and optimization of conditions for conidial production of Elsinoë ampelina, the causal organism of grapevine anthracnose

Dang

Yuan

et al. 2018

Journal of Phytopathology

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Grape anthracnose, which is caused by Elsinoë ampelina, is a disease that negatively affects grape production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aeration, temperature, light, and preculture period on the formation of E. ampelina conidia and conidial germination and virulence. The colony morphology on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates was more diverse than that in PDA bottles. The assessment of different culture methods, temperatures, light conditions, and preculture periods revealed that optimal conidial production occurred on 25‐day‐old colonies grown in PDA bottles at 21°C for 24 hr in the dark. The cultures in PDA bottles consistently produced approximately 5.0 × 106 conidia under these conditions. No conidial formation occurred when the cultures were kept at 25°C in the dark. The highest germination rate of E. ampelina was 80% at 25°C after 24 hr, whereas no germination was observed at 17°C after 12 hr. Pathogenicity tests revealed that symptoms of the disease were observed 4 days postinoculation (dpi) on leaves of Vitis vinifera cv. Red Globe. New conidia were observed on the lesions at 8 dpi. This study provides an effective method for the conidial production of E. ampelina that may also be applicable for other Elsinoë fungal species.

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“…Fungal species belonging to the genus Elsinoë cause anthracnose diseases in several other crops such as apple, cassava, citrus, hazelnut and rose (Alvarez et al, 2003;Scheper et al, 2013;. A recent taxonomic study of Elsinoë spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology and epidemiology of grapevine anthracnose

Santos¹

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Aetiology and epidemiology of grapevine anthracnose Grapevine anthracnose is an important disease, responsible for severe yield losses in humid regions around the world. This study aimed to: i: identify the causal agents of grapevine anthracnose in Brazil; ii: characterize Elsinoë ampelina isolates from Brazil and Australia by means of phylogenetic analyses, morphological features and pathogenicity tests; iii: develop an efficient method for conidial production of E. ampelina; iv: develop and validate a standard area diagram set (SADs) for assessing anthracnose severity on grapevine leaves; and v: study the temporal and spatial progression of anthracnose in a Brazilian vineyard. To identify the causal agents of the disease, leaves, stems and berries with anthracnose symptoms were collected from 38 vineyards in southern and southeastern Brazil and 39 E. ampelina and 13 Colletotrichum spp. isolates were obtained. For E. ampelina isolates, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), histone H3 (HIS3) and elongation factor 1-α (TEF) sequences were analysed. HIS3 was the most informative region with 55 polymorphic sites. Seven Colletotrichum species were identified: C. siamense, C. gloeosporioides, C. fructicola, C. viniferum, C. nymphaeae, C. truncatum and C. cliviae. In pathogenicity tests, only E. ampelina isolates caused anthracnose symptoms on Vitis vinifera 'Moscato Giallo' and Vitis labrusca 'Niagara Rosada'. To characterize E. ampelina from Brazil and Australia, 35 isolates were analysed. ITS and TEF sequences of all isolates were monomorphic. The haplotype network generated from HIS3 dataset showed four distinct haplotypes. High genetic variability was observed in two Brazilian isolates, haplotype EA4, which may have lost the intron region during species evolution. Colonies showed variable coloration, wrinkled texture, absence of spores and slow growth. Brazilian isolates produced conidia larger than conidia from Australian isolates. To induce the conidial production, mycelial fragments were shake-incubated in rainwater and distilled water for 7 days. Isolates produced different concentrations of conidia and the conidial germination was more than 88.5%. In infectivity tests, conidia caused typical anthracnose symptoms on leaves. The SADs developed comprises six true colour diagrams with severity ranging from 1.1 to 27.4%. The use of the SADs improved the accuracy, precision, agreement and inter-rater reliability of the estimates conducted by 12 raters. The temporal and spatial dynamics of anthracnose was carried out in a 'Niagara Rosada' vineyard in 2014 and 2015. The incidence of vines with diseased leaves, stems and berries and the severity disease on leaves were recorded. Anthracnose symptoms occurred rapidly after bud break and ontogenic resistance was observed for all organs assessed. The monomolecular model showed the best fit to the incidence progress. Temporal analyses suggest that the progress of anthracnose incidence and severity over time is governed mainly by the primary inoculum due to age-related res...

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Isolation spore production and Kochs postulates of <i>Elsinoe pyri</i>

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Phylogeny, morphology and pathogenicity of Elsinoë ampelina, the causal agent of grapevine anthracnose in Brazil and Australia

Phylogeny, morphology and pathogenicity of Elsinoë ampelina, the causal agent of grapevine anthracnose in Brazil and Australia

Morphological characterization and optimization of conditions for conidial production of Elsinoë ampelina, the causal organism of grapevine anthracnose

Aetiology and epidemiology of grapevine anthracnose

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