Isolation of Vibrio tapetis from two native fish species (Genypterus chilensis and Paralichthys adspersus) reared in Chile and description of Vibrio tapetis subsp. quintayensis subsp. nov.

Abstract

A group of seven Chilean isolates presumptively belonging to Vibrio tapetis was isolated from diseased fine flounders (Paralichthys adspersus) and red conger eel (Genypterus chilensis) experimentally reared in Quintay (Chile). All isolates were confirmed as members of V. tapetis on the basis of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight MS, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, DNA-DNA hybridization values and G+C content. The ERIC-PCR and REP-PCR patterns were homogeneous among those isolates recovered from the same host (red conger or fine flounders), but distinct from the type strains V. tapetis subsp. tapetis CECT 4600T and V. tapetis subsp. britannicus CECT 8161T. On the basis of atpA, rpoA, rpoD, recA and pyrH gene sequence similarities (99.7-100 %) and clustering in the phylogenetic trees, the red conger isolates (Q20, Q047, Q48 and Q50) were confirmed as representing V. tapetis subsp. tapetis. However, they differed from V. tapetis subsp. tapetis CECT 4600T in their lipase, alpha quimiotripsin and non-acid phosphatase production. On the other hand, the fine flounder isolates (QL-9T, QL-35 and QL-41) showed rpoD, recA and pyrH gene sequence similarities ranging from 91.6 to 97.7 % with the type strains of the two V. tapetis subspecies (CECT 4600T and CECT 8161T) and consistently clustered together as an independent phylogenetic line within V. tapetis. Moreover, they could be differentiated phenotypically from strains CECT 4600T and CECT 8161T by nine and three different biochemical tests, respectively. In conclusion, the presence of V. tapetis in diseased red conger eel and fine flounder was demonstrated, extending the known host range and geographical location for this pathogen. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the three isolates from fine flounder represent a novel subdivision within V. tapetis, for which the name V. tapetis subsp. quintayensis subsp. nov. is proposed and with QL-9T (=CECT 8851T=LMG 28759T) as the type strain. Although QL-9T was isolated from kidney of diseased fine flounder specimens, the challenge assays showed that it was non-pathogenic for this species.

Live Feeds Used in the Larval Culture of Red Cusk Eel, Genypterus chilensis, Carry High Levels of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic-Resistance Genes (ARGs)

“…This study demonstrated that live feed is a main source of antibiotic-resistant Vibrio in the red cusk eel culture, which is a highly significant risk to the health status of reared fish larvae fed with rotifer and Artemia considering that previous studies have demonstrated the pathogenic role of various Vibrio species in the experimental culture of this species in Chile [3][4][5]. However, further studies are required to elucidate the impact on the microbiota of the larvae reared using these live feeds.…”

Vibrio tapetis Displays an Original Type IV Secretion System in Strains Pathogenic for Bivalve Molluscs

“…A number of pathogenic strains have been isolated from diseased clams in France, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Norway (Paillard and Maes, 1990 ; Paillard et al, 1994 , 2008 ; Novoa et al, 1998 ; Allam et al, 2000b ), as well as from other marine animals, in particular fish such as Symphodus melops and Hippoglossus hippoglossus in Norway and Scotland (Jensen et al, 2003 ; Reid et al, 2003 ). Additional V. tapetis strains isolated from the fish Dicologoglossa cuneata, Solea solea, Genypterus chilensis , and Paralichthys adspersus have been recently proposed as potential causative agents of emergent diseases in Belgium, Spain, England, and Chile (López et al, 2011 ; Declercq et al, 2015 ; Levican et al, 2016 ).…”

Vibrio tapetis from wrasse used for ectoparasite bio-control in salmon farming: phylogenetic analysis and serotyping

“…Notably, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) searches using DNA sequences from the 3 isolates in question revealed < 95% PID towards available loci (rpoD and pyrH) from the recently described V. tapetis subsp. quintayensis type strain QL-9 T (Levican et al 2017), indicating that they do not belong to this novel subspecies.…”

“…While perhaps best known as the causative agent of brown ring disease in clams (Paillard 2004), this bacterium has also been associated with disease in various wild and cultivated marine fish species (Reid et al 2003, López et al 2011, Declercq et al 2015, Levican et al 2017, including corkwing wrasse (Jensen et al 2003, Bergh & Samuelsen 2007.…”