Isolation of obligate anaerobic and some other bacteria from equine purulent lesions

Kanoe, Masamitsu; Hirabayashi, Toshiaki; Anzai, Tohru; Imagawa, Hiroshi; Tanaka, Yasunori

doi:10.1016/0007-1935(88)90068-1

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, thorough deep swabbing of the wound area has previously been shown to yield equivalent prognostic information to biopsies . Anaerobic species, such as Bacteroides sp., Fusobacterium sp., Peptostreptococcus sp., and Clostridium sp., are predominately identified in human and animal wounds . In terms of the identification of anaerobic bacteria, molecular analyses are generally most effective .…”

Section: Identification Of Wound Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the scientific evidence for biofilms in wounds

Percival

Hill

Williams

et al. 2012

Wound Repair Regeneration

419

289

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both chronic and acute dermal wounds are susceptible to infection due to sterile loss of the innate barrier function of the skin and dermal appendages, facilitating the development of microbial communities, referred to as biofilms, within the wound environment. Microbial biofilms are implicated in both the infection of wounds and failure of those wounds to heal. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of published papers detailing biofilms in wounds, the effect they have on infection and wound healing, and detailing methods employed for their detection. The studies highlighted within this paper provide evidence that biofilms reside within the chronic wound and represent an important mechanism underlying the observed, delayed healing and infection. The reasons for this include both protease activity and immunological suppression. Furthermore, a lack of responsiveness to an array of antimicrobial agents has been due to the biofilms' ability to inherently resist antimicrobial agents. It is imperative that effective strategies are developed, tested prospectively, and employed in chronic wounds to support the healing process and to reduce infection rates. It is increasingly apparent that adoption of a biofilm-based management approach to wound care, utilizing the "antibiofilm tool box" of therapies, to kill and prevent reattachment of microorganisms in the biofilm is producing the most positive clinical outcomes and prevention of infection.

show abstract

Section: Identification Of Wound Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the scientific evidence for biofilms in wounds

Percival

Hill

Williams

et al. 2012

Wound Repair Regeneration

419

289

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bacteroides fragilis and E. coli were chosen to test the bioactivity of eluted metronidazole and gentamicin, respectively, in accordance with the NCCLS guidelines for the determination of MIC of metronidazole and gentamicin (ANSI 1991;ANSI 1999). These organisms are also commonly isolated from clinically relevant equine infections (Adamson 1985;Sweeney 1986;Kanoe 1988;Sweeney 1991;Schneider and Moore 1992;Moore 1993a). Bacteroides fragilis is the member of the Bacteroides genus most commonly found to produce the B-lactamase enzyme, responsible for resistance to B-lactam antibiotics Sweeney 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These anaerobic isolates are reported to commonly affect horses (Kanoe 1988;Moore 1993a). Another study of 823 veterinary clinical specimens shows that all isolated obligate anaerobes including B. fragilis are susceptible to metronidazole .…”

Section: Gram-negative Organisms Including Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Elution of Metronidazole and Gentamicin from Polymethylmethacrylate Beads

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(ABSTRACT)Ten polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads containing metronidazole (3 concentrations); gentamicin sulfate; or metronidazole and gentamicin sulfate were immersed in 5 ml of phosphate buffered saline in triplicate. Eluent was replaced at specified time intervals for 1 day (1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours), daily, or weekly for 21 days.Antibiotic concentrations were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography.Changes in antibiotic bioactivity attributable to polymerization or co-polymerization of the antibiotics with PMMA, ethylene oxide sterilization, and storage of antibioticimpregnated PMMA (AIPMMA) beads containing metronidazole were evaluated.Antibiotic elution patterns were similar for all groups. Day-1 elution for groups containing either metronidazole (3 concentrations) or gentamicin represented a mean 63% to 66% and 79% respectively of the 21-day total elution. Approximately 50% of the day-1 elution occurred during the first hour. The elution of metronidazole was dosedependent. There was no significant difference in the total amount of antibiotic eluted from groups that had the saline changed daily versus weekly. The elution of metronidazole (day 3-21) and gentamicin (all days) was significantly greater when metronidazole and gentamicin were combined (p<0.05). Polymerization of PMMA was delayed in groups containing metronidazole.Neither polymerization nor copolymerization of metronidazole and gentamicin with PMMA, gas-sterilization, or 2-month storage of beads containing metronidazole significantly affected antimicrobial bioactivity.Metronidazole elutes from PMMA. The frequency at which the saline was changed did not affect the rate of antibiotic elution.

show abstract

“…The genera most sensitive are Fusobactenum (MICgO = 0.25 pg/ml), Clostridium, Bacteroides, and Peptococcus (MI& = 2 pg/ml or less) (Bergan, 1985). Anaerobic bacteria are frequently isolated from purulent lesions in horses, and from the lower respiratory tract of horses with pleuropneumonia (Hirsch et Sweeney et al, 1985;Kanoe et al, 1988). Results following administration of metronidazole in the treatment of serious cases of pleuropneumonia caused by anaerobic bacteria have been encouraging (Mair & Yeo, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of tinidazole in the horse

Pyörälä¹,

Kotilainen²,

Silvennoinen³

et al. 1990

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Serum tinidazole concentrations were monitored in five clinically healthy adult horses after intravenous (i.v.) and oral administration of the drug (15 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg, respectively). After i.v. administration, the mean residence time was 7.0 h, the elimination half-life 5.2 h and the body clearance rate 1.6 ml/min/kg. The distribution volume was found to be 660 ml/kg. After oral administration, the mean residence time was 8.5 h, the absorption half-life 1.1 h and the bioavailability essentially 100%. In view of the in-vitro sensitivities of various anaerobic bacteria, a dosage of 10-15 mg/kg of tinidazole, orally, at 12-h intervals, can be recommended for the treatment of anaerobic infections in horses.

show abstract

Isolation of obligate anaerobic and some other bacteria from equine purulent lesions

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

A review of the scientific evidence for biofilms in wounds

A review of the scientific evidence for biofilms in wounds

Elution of Metronidazole and Gentamicin from Polymethylmethacrylate Beads

Pharmacokinetics of tinidazole in the horse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About