Isolation of Lymphocytopathic Retroviruses from San Francisco Patients with AIDS

Levy, Jay A.; Hoffman, Ari; Kramer, Susan M.; Landis, Jill A.; Shimabukuro, Joni; Oshiro, Lyndon S.

doi:10.1126/science.6206563

Cited by 1,271 publications

(446 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a complex retrovirus that contains several auxiliary (nef, vif, vpr, and vpu) [1,2] and two regulatory (tat and rev) genes in addition to the structural genes common to all retroviruses (gag, pol, and env) [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Nef is encoded by an open reading frame located at the 3' end of the viral genome, partially overlapping the 3' long terminal repeat (LTR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein on the cell surface is cytocidal for human CD4+ T cells

et al. 1996

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein on the cell surface is cytocidal for human CD4+ T cells

et al. 1996

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“…The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiologic agent and the primary cause of AIDS (1)(2)(3). The expression of the virus is regulated both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels by several human and viral proteins (4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ap-1 Recognizes Sequence Elements on Hiv-1 LTR in Human Epithelial Tumor-Cell Lines

Zoumpourlis¹,

Ergazaki²,

Spandidos³

1994

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. Investigation of the nucleotide sequence of the HIV-1 LTR showed the presence of four novel short DNA regions which are homologous to the recognition site for the cellular transcription factor AP-1. Four short oligonucleotide hybrids containing these potential AP-1 sites were constructed and used in gel retardation assays and in competition experiments in order to determine the role of the AP-1 protein in the regulation of HIV-1 expression. The breast MDA MB 468 and cervical HeLa tumor cell lines, which are known to overexpress the AP-1 protein were used in a gel retardation assay as a control to study the affinity of the AP-1 to synthesized oligonucleotide sequences. We have observed specific binding of nuclear factor AP-1 to three of these oligonucleotide hybrids. These results demonstrate the presence of three novel AP-1 binding sites on HIV-1 LTR, one of which was found within the TAR element and in the Tat protein binding region. Moreover, they suggest that AP-1 could be contributing to HIV-1 transcriptional regulation through its interaction with the AP-1 binding sites of HIV-1 LTR.

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“…AIDS and related immunological disorders have been aetiologically linked to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (Gallo et al, 1984;Levy et al, 1984;Curran et al, 1985). AIDS patients are often latently infected for months or years before overt symptoms appear, so much interest has centred on the factors that trigger or complement active HIV-1 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal Enhancement of Gene Expression and Viral Replication Between Human Cytomegalovirus and Human immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Harouse

Rando

et al. 1990

Journal of General Virology

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Biological interactions between human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were analysed in transfection and infection experiments, carried out in a human osteogenic sarcoma cell line (HOS) and in the same cell line chronically infected with HCMV (E155). When HOS and E155 cells were transfected with recombinant plasmids containing the HIV long terminal repeat (LTR) linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene, LTR-directed CAT expression was 20 times higher in E155 cells than in HOS cells. HOS cells co-infected with HCMV and HIV-1 showed enhanced production of the HIV-1 p24 antigen. In reciprocal experiments, an increase in HCMV immediate early gene expression was observed when HCMVinfected HOS cells and E155 cells were either transfected with a recombinant plasmid containing the HIV transactivator gene (pTAT), or when infected with HIV-1. DNA hybridization analysis of E155 and HCMV-infected HOS cells revealed higher levels of HCMV DNA in cells transfected with pTAT than in ceils transfected with other non-specific recombinant plasmids. E155 cells transfected with pTAT also produced higher titres of infectious HCMV than control cultures of E155 cells transfected with other recombinant plasmids, including pMTAT carrying a mutant tat gene. The functional reciprocity in vitro between HCMV and HIV is discussed with respect to its possible implications for the clinical development of AIDS.

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Isolation of Lymphocytopathic Retroviruses from San Francisco Patients with AIDS

Cited by 1,271 publications

References 15 publications

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein on the cell surface is cytocidal for human CD4+ T cells

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein on the cell surface is cytocidal for human CD4+ T cells

Ap-1 Recognizes Sequence Elements on Hiv-1 LTR in Human Epithelial Tumor-Cell Lines

Reciprocal Enhancement of Gene Expression and Viral Replication Between Human Cytomegalovirus and Human immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

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