Isolation of Bacillus simplex strain from Demodex folliculorum and observations about Demodicosis spinulosa

Observations about sexual and other routes of SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) transmission and its prevention

“…We propose that further study should be directed towards the theoretically possible skin-skin transmission, either directly or through vectors such as pets, flies, mosquitoes (by portage) or Demodex folliculorum, which can be proliferated either as spinulosis that roughens the skin of the cheeks and thorax, or in patients with rosacea. 5 A. L. Tatu,1,2 T. Nadasdy 1 and L. C. Nwabudike 3…”

Rosacea‐like demodicosis (but not primary demodicosis) and papulopustular rosacea may be two phenotypes of the same disease – a microbioma, therapeutic and diagnostic tools perspective

“…The scope of their research appears to be limited to the effects of Demodex spp in rosacea and thus does not consider possible confounding factors such as the effects of Bacillus oleronius, which has been isolated from Demodex folliculorum and been identified as a trigger of inflammation in rosacea. 2 Other endosymbionts described as related to Demodex are as follows: (i) Bacillus simplex, which was isolated from D. folliculorum in a patient with primary demodicosis, 3 (ii) Bacillus pumilus-positive culture and mass spectrometry were found in a patient with rosacea and D. folliculorum 4 and (iii) Bacillus cereus, instead of B. oleronius, was identified in a patient with secondary demodicosis associated with steroid-induced rosacea-like facial dermatitis in one positive culture. 5 Would they care to comment on this?…”

“…Demodicosis appears to have a greater tendency towards suppuration, whereas rosacea more towards rhinophyma and hyperplastic lesions. We think that an important way of establishing the truth could be to detect the possible subclinical skin alterations using: (i) Dermoscopy (Demodicosis can appear under dermoscopy as semicircular, oval or triangular, brown, white or grey structures plugging the follicular openings; under 109 magnification, DT resembles creamy gelatinous threads protruding from the follicular openings, ≥3 tails on a dermoscopic area are considered specific for Demodex), 3 (ii) Standardized VISIA (Canfield Imaging Systems, Fairfield) RBX TM (Red/Brown/X) the technology allows the identification of areas of red, representing blood or haemoglobin. The vascular changes indicate vascular structures, rosacea 9 and (iii) Dynamic optical coherence tomography allows an in vivo visualization of blood vessels in rosacea.…”

“…Tatu, 1,2, * V.G. Clatici,3 L.C. Nwabudike 4 Medical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit/Competitive, Interdisciplinary Research Integrated Platform, "Dun area de Jos", ReForm-UDJG, Galati, Romania, 2 Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy/Pharmacology Sciences Department, "Dun area de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania, 3 Medlife Group, Dermalife, Bucharest, Romania, 4 N. Paulescu Institute of Diabetes, Bucharest, Romania *Correspondence: A.L.…”

Reply to: Kubiak K et al. Endosymbiosis and its significance in dermatology

“…1 (ii) Bacillus simplex was isolated from Demodex folliculorum of a single patient with primary demodicosis. 4 (iii) In a patient with rosacea associated with D. folliculorum, were found positive cultures and the mass spectrometry positivity for Bacillus pumilus, which has haemolytic activity, cytotoxicity, produces lecithinase and is photolytic on casein, properties probably related with inflammation in rosacea. 5 The difference of microbiome between demodicosis, SIRLFD and rosacea needs more and larger future studies for possible explanations of endosymbiosis between Bacillus species and D. folliculorum.…”