Isolation of Dermatophytes and Related Species from Domestic Fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Abstract

We investigated 793 bird combs [645 chickens and 148 fighting cocks (Shamo)] to determine the prevalence of dermatophytes and their related fungal species. The targeted fungal species were recovered from 195 of the 793 examined birds (24.6 %). Prevalence ratios were compared in temperate (the mainland) and subtropical (Nansei Islands) areas, genders, strains, breeding scale (individual and farm), and housing system (in cage and free ranging). The frequency of the fungal species in the mainland, males, fighting cocks, breeding scale by individual nursing, and free-range housing system exhibited significantly higher positive ratios than that in the other groups. A total of 224 dermatophytes and related species were isolated, including 101 Arthroderma (Ar.) multifidum, 83 Aphanoascus (Ap.) terreus, five Uncinocarpus queenslandicus, two U. reesii, two Ap. pinarensis, one Amauroascus kuehnii, one Ar. simii, one Gymnoascus petalosporus, one Microsporum gallinae, and 28 Chrysosporium-like (Chrysosporium spp.) isolates, which were identified using internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal RNA gene sequences. The predominant fungal species in the mainland was Ap. terreus and that in the Nansei Islands was Ar. multifidum. Pathogenic fungal species to humans and animals were limited to M. gallinae and Ar. simii, which corresponded to 0.025 % of the isolates in this study.

Dermatophytosis (ringworm) in Microsporum gallinae in Gallus gallus domesticus: Case report

“…Através deste tipo de identificação, Yamaguchi et al (2014) avaliaram a prevalência da de dermatófitos em 793 aves domésticas, das quais 24,6% estavam colonizadas por fungos. Os autores identificaram 224 dermatófitos, incluindo M. gallinae, porém, nesses casos os animais não apresentavam lesões.…”

“…Aves galináceas podem ser infectadas por Microsporum gallinae, apresentando formações de crostas irregulares brancas, as quais se desenvolvem na crista e barbela (Quinn et al, 2005). Os artigos publicados a respeito de M. gallinae ou dermatofitose em aves domésticas são oriundos do Japão e citam uma baixa frequência desta enfermidade em aves domésticas, entretanto enfatizam sua importância zoonótica (Miyasato et al, 2011;Murata et al, 2013;Yamaguchi et al, 2014). Outros autores relatam este agente fungico como um dos menos frequentes causadores de dermatofitose (Nwese, 2011), porém no decorrer dos anos poucos foram as citações sobre este tema (Carnaghan et al, 1956;Londero et al, 1964;Londero et al, 1969;Mos et al, 1981) Deste modo, o objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um surto de dermatofitose em aves domésticas (Gallus gallus domesticus) em criatório particular na cidade de Pelotas -RS.…”

Endangered Zoonotic Fungal Species from Chicken (<i>Gallus gallus domestics</i>)

“…Combs from the 793 birds (645 chickens and 148 fighting cocks (Shamo breed)) were examined to determine the prevalence of dermatophytes and their related fungal species. Five-hundred of the chickens were reared by shamo lovers or at rearing facilities in Okinawa (464) and Kagoshima (36), and 293 were from the main island of Japan, mostly from the Kanto region, or the Tokyo metropolitan area 16,17) . The details regarding the chickens are given in Table 1.…”

“…In addition, we placed a transparent tape on the first colonies that appeared and observed them by light microscopy after staining with lactophenol cotton blue, from which we detected round or pyriform conidia attached at a right angle to the hyaline septate hyphae. Following molecular biological identification, multiple fungal growths from one comb sample found to be different genotypes of identical species were treated as individual isolates 16,17) .…”

Comparison of distribution of oil-degrading filamentous fungi on subtropical Iriomote Island, Japan, and tropical Con Dao Island, Vietnam

“…DNA sequencing was used to identify the isolates by species. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1, 5.8S and ITS2 regions of the ribosomal RNA genes were obtained by PCR with primers ITS-5 (5′-GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAAC AAGG-3′) and ITS-4 (5′-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3′) using sequencing methods described previously (Yamaguchi et al 2014). DNA was extracted from one piece (0.5 mm 2 ) of fungal mycelia from a culture incubated at 25℃ for 7 d on a PDA slant using a DEXPAT kit (TaKaRa, Ohtsu, Japan).…”