Isolation of Citrus Peel Flavonoid Bioconversion Microorganism and Inhibitory Effect on the Oxidative Damage in Pancreatic Beta Cells

Abstract

1) In this study, the optimum conditions of fermentation were determined by isolating the microorganisms with the ability to bioconvert the Citrus peel flavonoid, and the effect of the fermented Citrus peel extract which was bioconverted on the oxidative damage of HIT-T15 cell was investigated. The Aureobasidium pullulans Y-12 was isolated and identified with the strains having bioconversion activity. The fermentation conditions for bioconversion activity were confirmed to be optimal when culturing for three days at 25℃, 150 rpm in a culture medium containing 5% Citrus peel power and 0.8% casitone. As a result of bioconversion, 32.8 mg/g and 21.5 mg/g of naringenin and hesperetin, which were aglycone flavones, were produced respectively. Also in the flavonoid content, it was confirmed that FCP produced 154.8 mg/g while CP produced 33.7 mg/g, thus producing more by approximately 4.6 times. As a result of treating FCP and CP 1

Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Immunomodulatory Efficacy of Unitein (Fermented Glycine max, Panax ginseng, and Chenpi Mixture) in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Mice Splenocytes along with Component Analysis

“…Te primary favonoid components of Chenpi include naringin and hesperidin, which impart bitterness and demonstrate various functions such as antibacterial, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and cholesterol-lowering efects [65]. Research has confrmed that fermentation of Chenpi using Aureobasidium pullulans converts favonoids from their glycoside form to their aglycon form, which is more readily absorbed by the body, thereby enhancing their functions such as their antidiabetic efects [19].…”

“…Its pharmacological efects include enhancing fat-digesting enzyme activity, preventing allergic reactions, and averting conditions such as atherosclerosis and hypertension [18]. Research indicates that fermentation of chenpi converts glycoside-bound favonoids into aglycones, thereby augmenting their functional properties [19]. Currently, limited research is available on mixed fermented products with antiinfammatory and immunity-enhancing efects.…”

Potentials of Chenpi on Metabolic Syndrome: A Review

“…Literature analyzing 1. Characteristics of the selected literatures Among 19 selected literatures, there were 7 [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] in vitro, 8 [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] in vivo, 2 38,39 in vitro and in vivo, and 2 40,41 clinical researches. 11 23,24,[26][27][28]30,32,34,38,39,41 were published in Korea, 3 [35][36][37] in United States, 3 27,29,40 in international journals, and 1 of each in Switzerland 33 , India 25 and Japan 31 .…”

“…Analyze of experimental models Among 9 in vitro studies, RIN-m5f β-cells 38 , HIT-15 cells 39 , OP9 cells 23 , HepG2 cells 29 , Human embryonic kidney 293 cells 25 and NIT-1(murine pancreatic β-cells) 25 were used in 1 of each studies. L6 myotubes in were used in 2 studies 25,38 and 3T3-L1 cells were used in 3 studies 24,27,39 . Among 10 in vivo studies, C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice 35 and Wistar-Hannover GALAS rats 31 were used in 1 of each study.…”

“…Among 10 in vivo studies, C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice 35 and Wistar-Hannover GALAS rats 31 were used in 1 of each study. 3 studies 28,36,38 selected C57BL/6 mice and 6 studies 30,[32][33][34]37,39 selected Sprague Dawely rats. In 2 clinical researches, patient with hypertriglyceridemia 41 and obesity (BMI>23 kg/m2) 40 were chosen.…”