Isolation of Brucella melitensis biotype 3 from epidural empyema in a Bosnian immigrant in Germany

Tappe, Dennis; Melzer, Falk; Schmoock, Gernot; Elschner, Mandy C.; Lâm, Thiên-Trí; Abele‐Horn, Marianne; Stetter, Christian

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.038612-0

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The most shared genotypes were formed in strains from China, Kazakhstan, and Turkey. It was previously suggested that B. melitensis strains in China, Turkey, and Kazakhstan were epidemiologically correlated, and the prevalence of B. melitensis brucellosis in these countries resulted from a common infectious source (16,50,51). The breeding and trade of small ruminants were the main economic source and industrial pillar of the vast agricultural and pastoral areas in Turkey, Kazakhstan, and China, and animal introduction and trade were extremely frequent in these countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Genetic Relatedness of Brucella Strains in Countries Along the Silk Road

et al. 2021

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In this study, MLVA (multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis) genotype data of Brucella strains from 11 countries along the Silk Road were downloaded from the MLVAbank. MLVA data of strains were applied to the constructed Minimum Spanning Tree to explore the species/biovars distribution, geographic origins, and genetic relationships of the strains analyzed. Moreover, whole-genome sequencing–single-nucleotide polymorphism (WGS-SNP) phylogenetic analysis of the genome of Brucella melitensis strains from GenBank was performed to discriminate the relatedness of strains further and investigate the transmission pattern of B. melitensis brucellosis. A total of 1,503 Brucella strains were analyzed in this study: 431 Brucella abortus strains (29.8%), 1,009 B. melitensis strains (65.7%), and 63 Brucella suis strains (4.5%). B. melitensis biovar 3 was the dominant species and was shown to be widespread in all of the examined regions, suggesting that the prevention and surveillance of the B. melitensis population are a main challenge in these countries. A wide host spectrum was observed for this Brucella population; many animal reservoirs are a potential reason for the continuous brucellosis circulation in these countries. Although the B. abortus strains from the examined regions had common geographic origins, only a few shared genotypes were observed in different countries. These data revealed that the majority of B. abortus strains were spreading within the national borders. However, the B. melitensis strains from Italy originated from a Western Mediterranean lineage; strains from the other 10 countries originated from Eastern Mediterranean lineage, and this lineage was shared by strains from three to nine different countries, suggesting that the introduction and reintroduction of the disease in the 10 countries might have occurred in the past. Furthermore, the most shared MLVA-16 genotypes were formed in the B. melitensis strains from China, Kazakhstan, and Turkey, suggesting that the introduction and trade in sheep and goats have occurred frequently in these countries. WGS-SNP analysis showed that the B. melitensis in this study originated from the Malta (Italy) region. According to their territorial affiliation between four clade strains from these countries in genotype B, the absence of a clear differentiation suggests that strains continuously expand and spread in countries along with Silk Road. Active exchange and trade of animals (sheep and goats) among these countries are reasonable explanations. B. suis strains from different nations showed unique geographic origins and epidemiological characteristics. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the control of transfer and trade of infected sheep (goats) in countries along the Silk Road, namely, the strengthening of the entry–exit quarantine of sheep and goats and improvements in the diagnosis of animal brucellosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Genetic Relatedness of Brucella Strains in Countries Along the Silk Road

et al. 2021

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“…However, the cross border tracing of some Brucella strains isolated in Germany revealed concordance with sheep isolates originating from Eastern Anatolian, Turkey. It is a characteristic example for the global spread of such diseases, in that case most probably by Turkish immigrants living in Germany ( 88 ).…”

Section: Vector-borne Bacterial Zoonosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: The Important Bacterial Zoonoses in â€œOne Healthâ€ Concept

Cantas

Süer

2014

Front. Public Health

110

118

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An infectious disease that is transmitted from animals to humans, sometimes by a vector, is called zoonosis. The focus of this review article is on the most common emerging and re-emerging bacterial zoonotic diseases. The role of “One Health” approach, public health education, and some measures that can be taken to prevent zoonotic bacterial infections are discussed.Key points: A zoonotic bacterial disease is a disease that can be very commonly transmitted between animals and humans. Global climate changes, overuse of antimicrobials in medicine, more intensified farm settings, and closer interactions with animals facilitate emergence or re-emergence of bacterial zoonotic infections.The global “One Health” approach, which requires interdisciplinary collaborations and communications in all aspects of health care for humans, animals, and the environment, will support public health in general.New strategies for continuous dissemination of multidisciplinary research findings related to zoonotic bacterial diseases are hence needed.

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“…Successful implementation of an animal vaccination program, in addition to testing and slaughter of animals which are suspected of (or test positive for) the disease has conferred "officially bovine brucellosis free" and/or "officially ovine and caprine ( Brucella melitensis ) free" status on a number of countries [6]. Control in animals is critical for prevention of spread to humans; indeed, the majority of human cases in brucellosis-free regions are due to import by people who have traveled to endemic regions, as they may have had contact with wild animals or with imported products [7–10]. Local eradication of brucellosis, followed by reduction of control, may lead to dramatic consequences, as evidenced by re-emergence in Pacific Island Countries [11], France [12], Malta, and Oman [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Brucellosis and Genetic Diversity of Brucella abortus in Kazakhstan

et al. 2016

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Brucellosis is a major zoonotic infection in Kazakhstan. However, there is limited data on its incidence in humans and animals, and the genetic diversity of prevalent strains is virtually unstudied. Additionally, there is no detailed overview of Kazakhstan brucellosis control and eradication programs. Here, we analyzed brucellosis epidemiological data, and assessed the effectiveness of eradication strategies employed over the past 70 years to counteract this infection. We also conducted multiple loci variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) of Brucella abortus strains found in Kazakhstan. We analyzed official data on the incidence of animal brucellosis in Kazakhstan. The records span more than 70 years of anti-brucellosis campaigns, and contain a brief description of the applied control strategies, their effectiveness, and their impact on the incidence in humans. The MLVA-16 method was used to type 94 strains of B. abortus and serial passages of B. abortus 82, a strain used in vaccines. MLVA-8 and MLVA-11 analyses clustered strains into a total of four and seven genotypes, respectively; it is the first time that four of these genotypes have been described. MLVA-16 analysis divided strains into 28 distinct genotypes having genetic similarity coefficient that varies from 60 to100% and a Hunter & Gaston diversity index of 0.871. MST analysis reconstruction revealed clustering into "Kazakhstani-Chinese (Central Asian)", "European" and "American" lines. Detection of multiple genotypes in a single outbreak confirms that poorly controlled trade of livestock plays a crucial role in the spread of infection. Notably, the MLVA-16 profile of the B. abortus 82 strain was unique and did not change during 33 serial passages. MLVA genotyping may thus be useful for epidemiological monitoring of brucellosis, and for tracking the source(s) of infection. We suggest that countrywide application of MLVA genotyping would improve the control of brucellosis in Kazakhstan.

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Isolation of Brucella melitensis biotype 3 from epidural empyema in a Bosnian immigrant in Germany

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Investigation of Genetic Relatedness of Brucella Strains in Countries Along the Silk Road

Investigation of Genetic Relatedness of Brucella Strains in Countries Along the Silk Road

Review: The Important Bacterial Zoonoses in â€œOne Healthâ€ Concept

Epidemiology of Brucellosis and Genetic Diversity of Brucella abortus in Kazakhstan

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Isolation of Brucella melitensis biotype 3 from epidural empyema in a Bosnian immigrant in Germany

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Investigation of Genetic Relatedness of Brucella Strains in Countries Along the Silk Road

Investigation of Genetic Relatedness of Brucella Strains in Countries Along the Silk Road

Review: The Important Bacterial Zoonoses in â€œOne Healthâ€ Concept

Epidemiology of Brucellosis and Genetic Diversity of Brucella abortus in Kazakhstan

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Review: The Important Bacterial Zoonoses in â€œOne Healthâ€ Concept