Isolation, Molecular Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis from Diseased Tilapia

Uma, A.; Stalin, Nattan; Rebecca, G.

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.606.016

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The biochemical characteristics of E. faecalis were similar to those reported by Arumugam et al (2017), who isolated lactose fermenter E. faecalis from diseased tilapia in an aquaculture farm in Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. In addition, Khafagy et al (2009) found two positive lactose fermentation strains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Bacteriological, molecular, and pathological studies on the Gram‐positive bacteria Aerococcus viridans and Enterococcus faecalis and their effects on Oreochromis niloticus in Egyptian fish farms

Elgohary

Eissa

Fadel

et al. 2020

Aquaculture Research

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In this field study, two private Oreochromis niloticus fish farms in El Fayoum and El Sharkia governorates showed signs of septicaemia, with a mortality of 20%–25% between autumn 2018 and summer 2019. Postmortem examination of affected fish revealed loose scales, ulceration in the dorsal part of the head, petechial haemorrhages on the body surfaces, unilateral exophthalmia, and corneal opacity together with congested blood vessels of nearly all fleshy portions of the body fins. Internal examination of the viscera showed congestion of the blood vessels in the kidneys and brain, a dark enlarged spleen, and a liver with a marbled appearance. Fish samples (representing 10% of the fish showing clinical signs) were collected and examined for histopathological and bacteriological examination. Aerococcus viridans was isolated from El Fayoum and El Sharkia governorates at rates of 18.18% and 28.89%, respectively, throughout the year, whereas Enterococcus faecalis was isolated at rates of 81.82% and 71.11%, respectively; seasonal prevalence rate of infection were recorded. Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that the two microorganisms were resistant to ampicillin, oxolinic acid, nalidixic acid, amikacin, and gentamicin, but they were sensitive to amoxicillin and nitrofurantoin. E. faecalis exhibited resistance to erythromycin and oxytetracycline, whereas A. viridans was sensitive to these agents. To study the pathogenicity of such microorganisms in this fish species, experimental infection and reisolation of both bacterial isolates in O. niloticus was performed to confirm the field isolation. The pathological lesions in different organs of the infected fish were fully recorded.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Bacteriological, molecular, and pathological studies on the Gram‐positive bacteria Aerococcus viridans and Enterococcus faecalis and their effects on Oreochromis niloticus in Egyptian fish farms

Elgohary

Eissa

Fadel

et al. 2020

Aquaculture Research

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“…Intrinsic mechanisms usually result in decreased level of resistance while acquirement of mobile determinants particularly underscores a high level of resistance. The findings by Arumugam et al (2017) showed that E. faecalis from seafood possess multiple antibiotic resistances. These reports further consolidate the findings from this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Determinants, and Biofilm Formation of Enterococcus Species From Ready-to-Eat Seafood

Igbinosa

Beshiru

2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Enterococcus species form an important population of commensal bacteria and have been reported to possess numerous virulence factors considered significantly important in exacerbating diseases caused by them. The present study was designed to characterize antibiotic-resistant and virulent enterococci from ready-to-eat (RTE) seafood. A total of 720 RTE shrimp samples comprising sauced shrimp ( n = 288), boiled shrimp ( n = 216), and smoked shrimp ( n = 216) obtained from open markets in Delta State, Nigeria, were assessed. Standard classical methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used in identifying the Enterococcus species. Potential virulence factors (β-hemolysis, gelatinase activity, S-layer, and biofilm formation) were assessed using standard procedures. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the identified enterococci isolates was assayed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. PCR was further used to screen selected antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Prevalence of Enterococcus species from shrimp varieties is as follows: sauced, 26 (9.03%); boiled, 6 (2.78%); and smoked, 27 (12.50%), with an overall prevalence of 59 (8.19%) based on the occurrence of black hallow colonies after incubation. Enterococcus species detected include E. faecalis , 17 (28.8%); E. faecium , 29 (49.2%); E. gallinarum , 6 (10.2%); E. casseliflavus , 2 (3.4%); E. hirae , 3 (5.1%); and E. durans , 2 (3.4%). Biofilm occurrence among the shrimp varieties is as follows: 19/26 (73.1%) for sauced shrimps, 5/6 (83.3%) for boiled shrimps, and 16/27 (59.3%) for smoked shrimps. The phenotypic expression of the enterococci virulence revealed the following: S-layer, 59 (100%); gelatinase production, 19 (32.2%); and β-hemolysis, 21 (35.6%). An average of 3–11 virulence genes were detected in the Enterococcus species. The resistance profile of Enterococcus species is as follows: erythromycin, 29 (49.2%); vancomycin, 22 (37.3%); and tetracycline, 27 (45.8%). The frequency of occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes from the phenotypic resistant enterococci isolates to the macrolide, glycopeptide, and tetracycline antibiotics is as follows: erm A, 13/29 (44.8%); van A, 14/22 (63.6%); tet A, 14/27 (51.9%); tet M, 15/27 (55.6%); erm B, 4/29 (13.8%); and van B, 5/22 (22.7%). Findings from this study reveal the antibiotic resistance of enterococci strains of such species as E. durans, E. casseliflavus, E. gallinarum , and E. hirae . This study further revealed that RTE food products are reservoirs of potential virul...

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“…Aquaculture environment can become reservoirs for antibiotic resistant strains of faecal bacteria, including Enterococcus species and other fish streptococci like, S. agalactiae and L. garvieae, which are capable to transfer transposons, resistance plasmids and sex pheromone plasmids to a broad range of recipients. Fish food contaminated with Enterococcus species and fish infected with Lactococcus and Streptococcus species can lead to life threatening illness in humans, such as endocarditis, bacteremia, urinary tract infections and meningitis (Abu‐Elala et al., 2019; Arumugam, Stalin, & Rebecca, 2017). The multidrug resistance of Streptococci, Lactococci and Enterococci is emerging as a major problem in treating these infections (Arumugam et al., 2017; Chideroli et al., 2017; Meyburgh et al., 2017; Rahman et al., 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contrary to our results, Raissy and Ansari (2011) reported the resistance of L. garvieae strains to erythromycin. E. faecalis isolates were sensitive to penicillin, sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim, intermediate to ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid and resistant to the rest of antibiotics tested (Arumugam et al., 2017; Rahman et al., 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcosis, Lactococcosis and Enterococcosis are potential threats facing cultured Nile tilapia ( Oreochomis niloticus ) production

2020

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Streptococcosis, lactococcosis and enterococcosis are among the most important bacterial diseases affecting tilapia farms in Kafr Elsheikh governorate, Egypt. A number of clinically diseased fish were collected and submitted to our laboratory during disease outbreak in 2018. They were characterized by nervous swimming behaviour, skin darkness, exophthalmia, ocular opacity and haemorrhages. Necropsy findings were splenomegaly, congestive hepatomegaly, liquefied brain and enteritis. The phenotypic and molecular characterizations of the bacterial strains isolated from naturally infected fish identified three genera of Gram‐positive cocci: Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis and Lactococcus garvieae. Infectivity trials were conducted in four groups of Nile tilapia inoculated with S. agalactiae Egy‐1, E. faecalis Egy‐1 and L. garvieae Egy‐1 strains and saline. Mortalities, clinical signs and pathological findings were recorded daily 14 days post infection. Experimentally infected tilapia showed similar clinical signs, postmortem lesions, but varied in the severity and experienced high mortalities up to 70% in case of S. agalactiae and L. garvieae infections and 30% in case of E. faecalis infection. Pathological examination of infected tissue sections stained with modified Brown–Brenn and immunohistochemistry revealed an important direct correlation between the distribution of each bacterial isolate and the lesions developed in different organs. Furthermore, the isolates were subjected to profiling against 11 antibiotics, and they showed resistance against several types of antibiotics, which implicate potential risk to human health and emphasize the urgent need for alternate bio‐control strategies to prevent the diseases and the problem of multidrug resistance in aquatic environment.

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Isolation, Molecular Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis from Diseased Tilapia

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Bacteriological, molecular, and pathological studies on the Gram‐positive bacteria Aerococcus viridans and Enterococcus faecalis and their effects on Oreochromis niloticus in Egyptian fish farms

Bacteriological, molecular, and pathological studies on the Gram‐positive bacteria Aerococcus viridans and Enterococcus faecalis and their effects on Oreochromis niloticus in Egyptian fish farms

Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Determinants, and Biofilm Formation of Enterococcus Species From Ready-to-Eat Seafood

Streptococcosis, Lactococcosis and Enterococcosis are potential threats facing cultured Nile tilapia ( Oreochomis niloticus ) production

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