Isolation, molecular characterization and pathogenicity of native Bacillus thuringiensis, from Ethiopia, against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta: Detection of a new high lethal phylogenetic group

Aynalem, Birhan; Muleta, Diriba; Venegas, Juan; Assefa, Fassil

doi:10.1016/j.micres.2021.126802

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Four entomopathogenic fungi; B. bassiana -AAUB03 (MT588402), B. bassiana -AAUB28 (MT588414), M. anisopliae -AAUM39 (MT463525), M. anisopliae -AAUM78 (MT463530), and two entomopathogenic bacteria; B. thuringiensis -AAUF6 (MW250834), and B. thuringiensis -AAUMF9 (MW250856) were selected on the basis of their effective larvicidal activity against T. absoluta under laboratory conditions [ 28 , 29 , 30 ] for greenhouse tests. From which, B. bassiana- AAUB03, M. anisopliae- AAUM78, and B. thuringiensis- AAUF6 were selected for the trial under field conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is still a dearth of information on the synergistic role of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and bacteria ( B. thuringiensis ) against T. absoluta under greenhouse and field conditions. Therefore, in this study, effective strains of B. bassiana , M. anisopliae , and B. thuringiensis, those previously screened under laboratory condition [ 28 , 29 , 30 ] were evaluated under greenhouse and field conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocontrol competence of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Bacillus thuringiensis against tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 under greenhouse and field conditions

Aynalem

Muleta

Jida

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol competence of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Bacillus thuringiensis against tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 under greenhouse and field conditions

Aynalem

Muleta

Jida

et al. 2022

Heliyon

Self Cite

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“…Hence, most of the B. thuringiensis subspecies identified [ 41 ], although promising, are not currently used as biopesticides in part due to a lack of methods for assessment of their safety. In addition, many labs around the world are still screening for new B. thuringiensis strains having specific insecticidal activity (e.g., [ 45 – 47 ]), and these new strains will also need a well-defined evaluation framework for their safety assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial pesticides – challenges and future perspectives for testing and safety assessment with respect to human health

Wend,

Zorrilla,

Freimoser

et al. 2024

Environ Health

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Plant protection measures are necessary to prevent pests and diseases from attacking and destroying crop plants and to meet consumer demands for agricultural produce. In the last decades the use of chemical pesticides has largely increased. Farmers are looking for alternatives. Biopesticides should be considered a sustainable solution. They may be less toxic than chemical pesticides, be very specific to the target pest, decompose quickly, and be less likely to cause resistance. On the other hand, lower efficacy and higher costs are two disadvantages of many biopesticides. Biopesticides include macroorganisms, natural compounds and microorganisms. Microbial pesticides are the most widely used and studied class of biopesticides. The greatest difference between microbial and chemical pesticides is the ability of the former to potentially multiply in the environment and on the crop plant after application. The data requirements for the European Union and the United States Environmental Protection Agency are highlighted, as these regulatory processes are the most followed in regions where local regulations for biopesticide products are not available or vague. New Approach Methods already proposed or harmonized for chemical pesticides are presented and discussed with respect to their use in evaluating microbial pesticide formulations. Evaluating the microbials themselves is not as simple as using the same validated New Approach Methods as for synthetic pesticides. Therefore, the authors suggest considering New Approach Method strategies specifically for microbials and global harmonization with acceptability with the advancements of such approaches. Further discussion is needed and greatly appreciated by the experts.

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“…17,18 It was observed in some strains that were isolated from different places that they contain different combinations of genes and have specialized toxicity to different insects order. 19,20 These toxic proteins bind to receptors located in the lining membrane of the intestine of the mosquito larvae, where they feed on crystalline proteins, which leads to an imbalance of ions that leads to cell rupture and death of the larva. [21][22][23] The main objective of this study was to collect different isolates of B. thuringiensis from different locations in Assiut governorate, Egypt that cause mortality to mosquito larvae, molecularly characterize its cry genes, and enhance the toxicity by UV-mutagenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Evaluation and Genetic Improvement of Bacillus thuringiensis Isolated from Different Regions in Assiut, Egypt against Mosquito Larvae

Rafeek¹,

Hesham²,

Abd-Ella³

et al. 2023

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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This study aims to evaluate the toxicity and genetic improvement of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates. Isolates were obtained from soil, insect and water samples from different regions of Assiut, Egypt for biological control of mosquito larvae. B. thuringiensis colonies were identified based on morphological and then by PCR which detect the Cry toxic genes in the isolates. Bioassays were performed to evaluate the toxicity of different strains of B. thuringiensis against mosquito larvae such as (Culex spp). In general, 36 B. thuringiensis isolates were obtained (31 from soil, 4 from insects, and 1 from water). And they were all toxic to mosquito larvae with different mortality percentages from 7 to 97% after 48 hours. Isolate Am2 recorded the highest mortality percentage 97% and Mn3 lowest mortality percentage 7%. PCR revealed that Am2 isolate which caused the highest mortality encodes three different types of Cry toxins, Cyt1AA, Cry1Ac and Cry2Aa. This isolate Am2 was examined by scanning electron microscopy to observe the shape of the Cry proteins. The results showed that the Am2 isolate contained of spherical and cuboidal toxic proteins. Then UV-mutagenesis was performed on the Am2 isolate to improve its toxicity. Out of 30 obtained UV-mutants, only one mutant showed improvement in the mortality of mosquito larvae since it caused a mortality rate of 100%. The results of the present study revealed the larvicidal efficacy of B. thuringiensis (Am2) isolate found in the soil of Assiut, could be used in biological control program of mosquito larvae.

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Isolation, molecular characterization and pathogenicity of native Bacillus thuringiensis, from Ethiopia, against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta: Detection of a new high lethal phylogenetic group

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Biocontrol competence of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Bacillus thuringiensis against tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 under greenhouse and field conditions

Biocontrol competence of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Bacillus thuringiensis against tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917 under greenhouse and field conditions

Microbial pesticides – challenges and future perspectives for testing and safety assessment with respect to human health

Toxicity Evaluation and Genetic Improvement of Bacillus thuringiensis Isolated from Different Regions in Assiut, Egypt against Mosquito Larvae

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