Isolation, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiotic Susceptibility ofVibrio parahaemolyticusin Korean Seafood

Abstract

The principal objective of this study was to investigate the incidence, risk assessment, antibiotic resistance, and genotyping of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Korean seafood. The incidence of V. parahaemolyticus in seafood obtained from several fish markets in Korea was investigated from May to December of 2009, except between July and September. Two selective mediums (TCBS [thiosulfate, citrate, bile salts, and sucrose] agar and CHROMagar™ Vibrio) were used, and the V. parahaemolyticus strains were identified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification (Vp. flaE, tl, and toxR). 16S rRNA gene sequencing and their virulence were analyzed via the detection of tdh, trh, ORF8, toxRS/old, and toxRS/new genes. We collected 24 strains of V. parahaemolyticus: 19 seafood isolates, three environmental isolates, and two clinical (human) isolates. Among these strains, two tdh+ strains, two ORF8+ strains, 16 toxRS/old+ strains, and one toxRS/new+ strain were isolated. Twenty-two commercial antibiotics were used to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates, and all the strains evidenced resistance to more than four antibiotics. The strains harboring antibiotic-resistant genes such as TetA (25%) and strB (4.16%) were detected via PCR. Repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence (REP)-PCR analysis revealed differences in the V. parahaemolyticus strains from other species and intraspecific strains.

Spreading of Pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 and Its Serovariants: A Re-analysis of Strains Isolated from Multiple Studies

“…This result suggests that these drugs can be used as an alternative antibiotic therapy. It must be noted that recently isolated V. parahaemolyticus strains, including pandemic strains, have displayed resistance to multiple antibiotics (Jun et al, 2012, 2014), which increases concerns about possible antibiotic treatment failure. Although we did not discover any multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR) isolates in this study, continued monitoring of pandemic strain susceptibility to antibiotic resistance is urgently needed to avoid the excessive misuse of antibiotics used to treat infections that pose threats to public health.…”

Draft Genome Sequence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus SNUVpS-1 Isolated from Korean Seafood

“…In the present study, V. parahaemolyticus SNUVpS-1 was isolated from seafood (corb shell, Cyclina sinensis ) from a fishery market in Seoul, Republic of Korea (4). It contained the thermolabile hemolysin gene (TL gene), the V. parahaemolyticus toxR gene, and the toxRS sequence of the O3:K6 clone isolated before 1995 ( toxRS old ) (4). In addition, it evidenced multiple-antibiotic resistance and was found to contain the antibiotic-resistance genes tetA and strB (4).…”

“…V. parahaemolyticus is recognized globally as an important human pathogen (1–3). V. parahaemolyticus pandemic strains, such as O3:K6, contain a unique toxRS sequence that is associated with the current pandemic (4, 5). Increasingly, there have been reports of antibiotic resistance in Vibrio species.…”

“…Increasingly, there have been reports of antibiotic resistance in Vibrio species. The emergence of microbial resistance to multiple drugs is a serious clinical problem that impedes treatment and increases fatality rates (4, 6). Due to the consumption of raw finfish and shellfish, East Asians, especially Koreans and Japanese, have an increased risk of gastroenteritis caused by V. parahaemolyticus infection (1).…”

Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel N4-like bacteriophage, pSb-1 infecting Shigella boydii

“…[28]; who studied S. boydii infection cases from 2002 to 2003, reported that all the strains were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and all except one strain were resistant to streptomycinsolation which are commonly used in the treatment of shigellosis. Emergence of antibiotic resistance which causes serious clinical problems in the treatment has made the development of alternatives to conventional antibiotics a top priority [19,24].…”