Isolation and preliminary characterisation of a small nuclear inclusion virus infecting the diatom Chaetoceros cf. gracilis

Bettarel, Yvan; Kan, Jinjun; Wang, K.; Williamson, Kurt E.; Cooney, Sean K.; Ribblett, S.; Chen, F.; Wommack, K. Eric; Coats, D. Wayne

doi:10.3354/ame040103

Cited by 53 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…When cells become extremely permeable under stressful conditions, such as nutrient limitation or viral infection, metabolites will be released back into the surrounding media and can react with the components of that media, including iodate. The release of cellular material can be hastened during this time by direct cell lysis mediated either by viruses (Nagasaki et al 2004, Bettarel et al 2005 or apotosis (Antunes et al 2001, Segovia et al 2003. In the present study, we cannot determine which process caused the cells to lyse, but evidence that this process was occurring can be found in the decrease in cells containing intact chloroplasts, as observed by microscopy, and the subsequent increase in bacterial numbers, presumably from the release of labile dissolved organic matter (DOM).…”

Section: The Role Of Cell Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 71%

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Transformation of iodate to iodide in marine phytoplankton driven by cell senescence

Bluhm¹,

Croot²,

Wuttig³

et al. 2010

Aquat. Biol.

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Section: The Role Of Cell Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Cells get infected by specific viruses, which induce a loss in the viability of the algal cell and, hence, automortality (Suttle 1992, Bratbak et al 1998, Nagasaki et al 2004, Bettarel et al 2005.…”

Section: Why Was Nitrate Not Totally Consumed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of iodate to iodide in marine phytoplankton driven by cell senescence

Bluhm¹,

Croot²,

Wuttig³

et al. 2010

Aquat. Biol.

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“…3D,E). With CsNIV (Nagasaki et al 2005) and CspNIV (Bettarel et al 2005), accumulation of VLPs were observed in the nucleus. CdebDNAV18 particles may also possibly accumulate in the nucleus of C. debilis cells.…”

Section: Morphological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…data), and Chaetoceros nuclear inclusion virus (CspNIV) infectious to Chaetoceros cf. gracilis (Bettarel et al 2005). These diatominfecting viruses were isolated from both waters and sediments during and after diatom blooms, and each virus is specifically infectious to its host diatom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of a new single-stranded DNA virus infecting the cosmopolitan marine diatom Chaetoceros debilis

Tomaru¹,

Shirai²,

Suzuki³

et al. 2008

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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The genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae) is the dominant diatom in the world's oceans. Various physical, chemical and biological factors affect depletion of diatom populations, for which the importance of viruses as a potential mortality source has only recently been found. We isolated and characterized a new Chaetoceros-infecting virus causing the lysis of the cosmopolitan species C. debilis Cleve. The virus infectious for C. debilis was isolated from both water and sediment samples collected in western Japan. We show the physiologic, morphologic and genomic characteristics of one virus clone among many isolates. We first described the C. debilis DNA virus (Cdeb-DNAV), a 30 nm icosahedral virus accumulating in the cytoplasm of C. debilis. Host specificity of CdebDNAV is strain-specific and its infectivity is stably maintained through a wide temperature range (between 20 and -196°C). The latent period and the burst size were estimated to be 12 to 24 h and 55 infectious units per host cell, respectively. CdebDNAV harbors a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome whose structure is unknown. Sequence comparisons showed that the partial sequence of CdebDNAV is highly similar (E value = 10 -56 ) to the putative replicase gene of the C. salsugineum nuclear inclusion virus (CsNIV) that harbors a covalently closed circular, partially doublestranded ssDNA genome. This discovery of CdebDNAV may aid in further understanding the ecological dynamics of C. debilis population blooms in nature.KEY WORDS: Diatom · Virus · Chaetoceros · DNA · Viral ecology Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…These processes include sloppy feeding by predators (Møller et al, 2003;Møller, 2007), lytic viral infections (Bratbak et al, 1993;Gobler et al, 1997, Bettarel et al, 2005, and cell death (Veldhuis et al, 2001). Moreover, living phytoplankton cells exude a significant proportion, and under some circumstances the majority, of their photosynthate into the surrounding medium (Fogg, 1983;Wood & Van Valen, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) release by phytoplankton in the contemporary and future ocean

Thornton

2014

European Journal of Phycology

353

311

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The partitioning of organic matter (OM) between dissolved and particulate phases is an important factor in determining the fate of organic carbon in the ocean. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) release by phytoplankton is a ubiquitous process, resulting in 2-50% of the carbon fixed by photosynthesis leaving the cell. This loss can be divided into two components: passive leakage by diffusion across the cell membrane and the active exudation of DOM into the surrounding environment. At present there is no method to distinguish whether DOM is released via leakage or exudation. Most explanations for exudation remain hypothetical; as while DOM release has been measured extensively, there has been relatively little work to determine why DOM is released. Further research is needed to determine the composition of the DOM released by phytoplankton and to link composition to phytoplankton physiological status and environmental conditions. For example, the causes and physiology of phytoplankton cell death are poorly understood, though cell death increases membrane permeability and presumably DOM release. Recent work has shown that phytoplankton interactions with bacteria are important in determining both the amount and composition of the DOM released. In response to increasing CO 2 in the atmosphere, climate change is creating increasingly stressful conditions for phytoplankton in the surface ocean, including relatively warm water, low pH, low nutrient supply and high light. As ocean physics and chemistry change, it is hypothesized that a greater proportion of primary production will be released directly by phytoplankton into the water as DOM. Changes in the partitioning of primary production between the dissolved and particulate phases will have bottom-up effects on ecosystem structure and function. There is a need for research to determine how these changes affect the fate of organic matter in the ocean, particularly the efficiency of the biological carbon pump.

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Isolation and preliminary characterisation of a small nuclear inclusion virus infecting the diatom Chaetoceros cf. gracilis

Cited by 53 publications

References 41 publications

Transformation of iodate to iodide in marine phytoplankton driven by cell senescence

Transformation of iodate to iodide in marine phytoplankton driven by cell senescence

Isolation and characterization of a new single-stranded DNA virus infecting the cosmopolitan marine diatom Chaetoceros debilis

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) release by phytoplankton in the contemporary and future ocean

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