Isolation and identification of Acinetobacter species with special reference to antibiotic resistance

Abstract

Background:Acinetobacter is clinically important pathogen with widespread resistance to various antibiotics. We assessed the incidence of Acinetobacter infection at a tertiary care hospital, analyze their resistance pattern and identify the production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo β-lactamases (MBLs).Materials and Methods:The study was conducted in tertiary care hospital, India over a period of 2 years. Acinetobacter species were isolated from various clinical samples received in Department of Microbiology. After identification, Acinetobacter isolates were speciated and antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the standard disc diffusion method. ESBL and MBL production was detected by the double disc synergy test and combined disc diffusion test respectively.Results:Of 3298 infected samples, 111 (3.36%) were found to be Acinetobacter. The most predominant species was Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-A. baumannii (Acb) complex (72%). High incidence of resistance was recorded for piperacillin (55%), followed by ceftriaxone (46%) and ceftazidime (46%). Isolation rate and antibiotic resistance was higher in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of the hospital. ESBL and MBL production was detected in 31.5% and 14.4% of the isolates respectively.Discussion and Conclusion:A high level of antibiotic resistance was observed in our study and maximum isolation rate of Acinetobacter was in the ICUs. Acb complex was the most predominant and most resistant species. The analysis of susceptibility pattern will be useful in understanding the epidemiology of this organism in our hospital setup, which will help in treating individual cases and controlling the spread of resistant isolates to other individuals.

A Prospective Study on Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii in Clinical Samples obtained from Patients admitted in Various Wards and Intensive Care Units

“…In our study, the percentage of A. baumannii (83.33%) and other Acinetobacter species (16.67%) is found to be approximately similar in the studies by Fayyaz et al 27 and Gupta et al 29 In the present study, the percentage of Acinetobacter species in male (75.36%) and female (24.28%) is found to be approximately similar in the studies by Fayyaz et al 27 and higher than the studies by Tahseen and Talib 30 and Saleem et al 31 In our study, 1 patient was transgender admitted in pediatric ward. In the present study, the maximum frequency of Acinetobacter isolates from respiratory tract intubated patients (ET samples: 59.5%) followed by sputum (14.13%), pus swab c/s (13.40%), urine (4.35%), and blood (2.54%), which is higher than in the studies by Chim et al, 32 Markogiannakis et al, 22 and Alvarez-Lerma et al 33 In the present study, the maximum frequency of A. baumannii isolates was recovered from ICUs (63.04%) compared with wards, which is found to be similar in the studies by Xia et al 13 and Tahseen and Talib.…”

A study of Acinetobacter infections in a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India

“…4,6 Bhattacharya et al, Gupta et al, and Mostofi et al, reported MDR isolates to be 29%; 40% and 54% respectively. 18,11,14 Maximum resistance in our study was observed in ICU isolates in comparison to wards and opd. In ICUs most, sensitive drug was colistin (100%) followed by imipenem (50%) and gentamicin (50%).…”

Bacterial Contamination of Mobile Phones Healthcare Versus Non-Healthcare Workers at Mansoura City, Egypt

“…Acinetobacter is clinically important pathogen with widespread resistance to various antibiotics Kulkarni et al, (2017), Gupta et al, (2015), personal hygiene, and not sharing phones are better ways to reduce the transmission of microorganisms.…”