Isolation and Identification of 2-Aminoethyl-phosphonic Acid from Bovine Brain

A Salmonella Regulator Modulates Intestinal Colonization and Use of Phosphonoacetic Acid

“…This compound is found in low amounts in feed and is associated with bacterial and protozoan populations within the intestine (Ankrah et al, 1989). 2-AEP is also found in mammalian tissues likely from assimilation from microbial and feed sources because mammals lack the enzymes to produce such molecules (Shimizu et al, 1965; Alhadeff and Daves, 1971; Metcalf and van der Donk, 2009). Numerous marine bacterial phyla contain genes for the biosynthesis and degradation of phosphonates (Villarreal-Chiu et al, 2012).…”

“…This colonization defect persists regardless of the character of intestinal microbiota, and is also present both in the presence and absence of TTSS-1 induced inflammation. Thus, the host may act as a source of phosphonates, having absorbed them from the microflora or feed sources and incorporated them into phosphonolipids (Shimizu et al, 1965; Alhadeff and Daves, 1971). Further studies evaluating the phosphonate content of intestinal fluid and tissue in animals will be very informative.…”

A Carbon-Phosphorus Bond in Nature

“…This would account for the fact that AEP has been detected in crustacea and mammals, animals which are not known to synthesize AEP but which might assimilate phosphonic acids from the digestive tract. Free phosphonic acids or phosphonolipids have been detected in rat lipids (24), in goat liver lipids (26), in bovine brain (28), in bovine kidney and milk, and in hutman erythrocytes (29).…”

“…Since the utilization of AEP by bacteria may be inhibited in the presence of orthophosphate (47), the fraction of the total phosphorus which becomes incorporated into C-P compounds may be only slowly returned to the cycle. To date, C-P compounds have been found in six species of phytoplankton (7,8), in two ciliates (6,19), in 25 species of coelenterates (5, 52), and in 33 species of mollusks (5,16,17,28). In addition, they have been detected in nematodes, annelids, echinoderms, and crustacea (5,28).…”

2-Amino-5-phosphono-3-pentenoic Acid, a New Amino Acid from N-1409 Substance, an Antagonist of Threonine

“…amide, but phosphorus was directly combined with the carbon atom. 6 ) The infrared spectrum determined with KBr showed absorption bands at 1735 cm-1 due to carbonyl, at 1635 and 1518 cm-1 due to NH3 +, and at 1240, 1150 and 1040 cm-1 which could be assigned to P=O.…”