Isolation and functional characterization of bacterial endophytes from Carica papaya fruits

Abstract

Aims: To isolate and characterize the endophytes from papaya fruits and to determine the fermentative potential of the strains. Methods and Results: Endophytes provide potential sources for novel natural products for the use in agriculture and nutrition. There is very limited information on isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes from papaya. We describe isolation and characterization of eighteen endophytes of papaya fruit from four economically important papaya varieties viz 'Red lady', 'Solo', 'Coorg Honey' and 'Bangalore'. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequence revealed that isolated endophytes are genetically distinct and cluster as discrete clades in the dendrogram. The Bacillus species is a predominant bacterial endophyte across papaya varieties. The seeds and the endocarp of papaya fruits harbour Kocuria, Acinetobacter and Enterobacter species. The Staphylococcus species were detected in the fruit mesocarp of two papaya varieties used in the study. The endophytes isolated from papaya fruits were capable of producing extracellular enzymes like amylase, cellulase, pectinase and xylanase.

Antitumor activity of bacterial exopolysaccharides from the endophyte Bacillus amyloliquefaciens sp. isolated from Ophiopogon japonicus

“…Besides their application in the areas of biocontrol and agriculture, the medicinal use of metabolites from such endophytes has gained increasing attention from a pharmaceutical perspective. The only reported medicinal effect of the endophytic Bacillus strains was antioxidation derived from their production of extracellular enzymes, including amylase, cellulose, pectinase and xylanase (34). …”

Antibacterial Activity of Bacterial Endophytes from Kupa Plant(Syzygium PolycephalumMiq. (Merr & Perry) Against Pathogenic Bacteria

“…Isolation of bacterial endophytes The isolation of bacterial endophytes was conducted by adapting the protocol from Krishnan et al, (2012). Briefly, the stems, fruits and leaves of Kupa plants were washed with clean running water.…”

“…On the other hand, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has a mutated gene that is resistant to almost all beta-lactam antibiotics. Meanwhile, S. aureus can cause septicaemia, pneumonia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, gastroenteritis and abscesses [7]. The present study aims to obtain the bacterial endophytes isolates from S. polycephalum, where the most potent isolate could be used as antibacterial agent against bacterial pathogens such as P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, MRSA and B. cereus.…”

Characterisation of endophytic bacteria from a desert plant Lepidium perfoliatum L.

“…To determine amylase activity, the isolates were in-doi: 10.17221/14/2016-PPS oculated on starch agar. And after bacterial growth, 5 ml of a 1% iodine-potassium iodide solution was added to each plate, allowing the visualisation of clear halos around the colonies (Krishnan et al 2012). To determine esterase activity, previously sterilised Tween 80 was added to the sterilised culture medium containing (in g/l) peptone 10, NaCl 5, CaCl·H 2 O 0.1, pH 7.4 to a final concentration of 1% (v/v) to evaluate the bacterial esterase activity.…”