Isolation and functional analysis of the pathogenicity-related gene VdPR3 from Verticillium dahliae on cotton

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

Verticillium dahliae is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes vascular wilt disease in a wide variety of crop plants, thereby causing extensive economic loss. In present study, one V. dahliae T-DNA mutant M01C06 showed the pathogenicity loss on cotton, and the expression of a flanking gene encoding cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450, VdCYP1) was strongly repressed. P450s of fungi could affect the fungal pathogenicity by involving in the synthesis of secondary metabolites. However, there was no report about the pathogenic function of P450s in V. dahliae. VdCYP1 gene deletion and complementation experiments confirmed that VdCYP1 was the pathogenicity-related gene in V. dahliae. A comparison of culture supernatants of the VdCYP1 deletion mutants and wild-type strains indicates that at least 14 kinds of secondary metabolites syntheses were affected due to VdCYP1 gene deletion. One of these compounds, sulfacetamide, had the ability to induce the necrosis and wilting symptoms in cotton. Above results indicate that VdCYP1 could participate in pathogenesis by involving the secondary metabolism in V. dahliae, such as the compound sulfacetamide. In conclusion, VdCYP1 acts as an important pathogenicity-related factor to involve in secondary metabolism that likely contributes to the pathogenic process in V. dahliae.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of a pathogenicity-related gene VdCYP1 from Verticillium dahliae

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

“…As our understanding of the pathogenicity of V. dahliae increases, it appears that a variety of genes are required for virulence towards host plants, including protein kinases (Rauyaree et al ., ; Tian et al ., ; Tzima et al ., ), TFs (Luo et al ., ; Santhanam et al ., ; Sarmiento‐Villamil et al ., ; Tran et al ., ; Xiong et al ., ), effectors (de Jonge et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Santhanam et al ., ), enzymes involved in plant cell wall degradation (Chen et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Maruthachalam et al ., ) and other functional genes (Gao et al ., ; Klimes and Dobinson, ; Li et al ., ; Maruthachalam et al ., ; Santhanam et al ., ; Zhang DD et al ., ; Zhang YL et al ., ). In this study, we identified a new pathogenicity and virulence‐related gene encoding a Fungal_trans domain‐containing TF (Figs and ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several V. dahliae pathogenicity-related genes have been identified de Jonge et al, 2012de Jonge et al, , 2013Liu et al, 2013Liu et al, , 2014Maruthachalam et al, 2011;Zhou et al, 2012). In addition, several pathogenicity-related genes have been identified using T-DNA insertion mutagenesis (Gao et al, 2010;Li et al, 2015;Luo et al, 2016;Maruthachalam et al, 2011;Santhanam et al, 2017;Zhang DD et al, 2016;Zhang YL et al, 2015. Collectively, these studies indicate that the processes associated with pathogenicity are complex, and that a variety of V. dahliae gene products are required for host infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verticillium dahliae transcription factor VdFTF1 regulates the expression of multiple secreted virulence factors and is required for full virulence in cotton

Molecular Plant Pathology

Gui

Short

et al. 2017

Fungal transcription factors (TFs) implicated in the regulation of virulence gene expression have been identified in a number of plant pathogens. In Verticillium dahliae, despite its agricultural importance, few regulators of transcription have been characterized. In this study, a T-DNA insertion mutant with significantly reduced virulence towards cotton was identified. The T-DNA was traced to VdFTF1, a gene encoding a TF containing a Fungal_trans domain. Transient expression in onion epidermal cells indicated that VdFTF1 is localized to the nucleus. The VdFTF1-deletion strains displayed normal vegetative growth, mycelial pigmentation and conidial morphology, but exhibited significantly reduced virulence on cotton, suggesting that VdFTF1 is required exclusively for pathogenesis. Comparisons of global transcription patterns of wild-type and VdFTF1-deletion strains indicated that VdFTF1 affected the expression of 802 genes, 233 of which were associated with catalytic processes. These genes encoded 69 potentially secreted proteins, 43 of which contained a carbohydrate enzyme domain known to participate in pathogenesis during infection of cotton. Targeted gene deletion of one VdFTF1-regulated gene resulted in significantly impaired vascular colonization, as measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, as well as aggressiveness and symptom severity in cotton. In conclusion, VdFTF1, which encodes a TF containing a Fungal_trans domain, regulates the gene expression of plant cell wall degradation enzymes in V. dahliae, which are required for full virulence on cotton.

“…Genes associated with the formation of microsclerotia include VMK1 , VDH1 , Vdgrp1 , VdSNF1 , VdNLP , and VdPR3 . All of these genes have been shown to positively regulate microsclerotia development, and knock-outs of each of these genes resulted in reduced microsclerotia formation [3, 6–11]. VdPKAC1 and VGB have been shown to negatively control microsclerotia development, and disruption of each of them improved microsclerotia development [12, 13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis of the Pathogenicity-Related Gene VdPR1 in the Vascular Wilt Fungus Verticillium dahliae

Feng

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

Verticillium dahliae Kleb., the causal agent of vascular wilt, can seriously diminish the yield and quality of many crops, including cotton. The pathogenic mechanism to cotton is complicated and unclear now. To screen pathogencity related genes and identify their function is the reliable way to explain the mechanism. In this study, we obtained a low-pathogenicity mutant vdpr1 from a T-DNA insertional library of the highly virulent isolate of V. dahliae Vd080, isolated from cotton. The tagged gene was named pathogenicity-related gene (VdPR1). The deletion mutant ΔVdPR1 did not form microsclerotia and showed a drastic reduction in spore yield and mycelial growth, compared to wild type. Also, ΔVdPR1 showed significantly lower protease and cellulase activities than those of wild type. Complementation of the mutant strain with VdPR1 (strain ΔVdPR1-C) almost completely rescued the attributes described above to wild-type levels. The knockout mutant ΔVdPR1 showed delayed infection, caused mild disease symptoms, formed a smaller biomass in roots of the host, and showed compromised systemic invasive growth in the xylem. These results suggest that VdPR1 is a multifaceted gene involved in regulating the growth development, early infection and pathogenicity of V. dahliae.