Isolation and Characterization of Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived from Hip Joints: A Comparative Analysis with a Matched Control Knee Group

Abstract

Purpose. To determine the characteristics of MSCs from hip and compare them to MSCs from knee. Methods. Synovial tissues were obtained from both the knee and the hip joints in 8 patients who underwent both hip and knee arthroscopies on the same day. MSCs were isolated from the knee and hip synovial samples. The capacities of MSCs were compared between both groups. Results. The number of cells per unit weight at passage 0 of synovium from the knee was significantly higher than that from the hip (P < 0.05). While it was possible to observe the growth of colonies in all the knee synovial fluid samples, it was impossible to culture cells from any of the hip samples. In adipogenesis experiments, the frequency of Oil Red-O-positive colonies and the gene expression of adipsin were significantly higher in knee than in hip. In osteogenesis experiments, the expression of COL1A1 and ALPP was significantly less in the knee synovium than in the hip synovium. Conclusions. MSCs obtained from hip joint have self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potentials. However, in matched donors, adipogenesis and osteogenesis potentials of MSCs from the knees are superior to those from the hips. Knee synovium may be a better source of MSC for potential use in hip diseases.

Evaluation of the Effects of Synovial Multipotent Cells on Deep Digital Flexor Tendon Repair in a Large Animal Model of Intra‐Synovial Tendinopathy

“…Hagmann et al reported differences between donor‐typed bone marrow and synovial MSCs with the latter uniformly exhibiting trilineage differentiation and strongly positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, and MHC‐I although small levels of CD34 and CD45 positive cells were also detected. A comparable yield of cells from synovium have been isolated from pathological knee and hip joints exhibiting a “mixed” cell‐surface marker profile similar to this study . Furthermore, a similar cell‐surface marker expression profile for synovium‐derived trilineage positive cells has been reported in this study, though the authors have interpreted CD166 as a possible discriminating factor between multipotent and fibroblastic cells .…”

“…A comparable yield of cells from synovium have been isolated from pathological knee and hip joints exhibiting a "mixed" cell-surface marker profile similar to this study. 22 Furthermore, a similar cell-surface marker expression profile for synovium-derived trilineage positive cells has been reported in this study, though the authors have JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH ® JANUARY 2020 interpreted CD166 as a possible discriminating factor between multipotent and fibroblastic cells. 26 In contrast, assessing the ameliorative effects of synovial MSCs in an osteoarthritic mouse model, synovial MSCs were reported to be highly positive for CD73, CD90, and CD105.…”

“…While the hematopoietic marker CD34 was absent, there was variable expression of CD45 and MHC‐II, indicating potential inclusion of leukocytic cells from perivascular tissue. However, these profiles are not dissimilar to recent studies of synovial MSCs derived from inflammed human knee joints . Hagmann et al reported differences between donor‐typed bone marrow and synovial MSCs with the latter uniformly exhibiting trilineage differentiation and strongly positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, and MHC‐I although small levels of CD34 and CD45 positive cells were also detected.…”

“…However, these profiles are not dissimilar to recent studies of synovial MSCs derived from inflammed human knee joints. 18,[21][22][23][25][26][27] Hagmann et al 25 reported differences between donor-typed bone marrow and synovial MSCs with the latter uniformly exhibiting trilineage differentiation and strongly positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, and MHC-I although small levels of CD34 and CD45 positive cells were also detected. A comparable yield of cells from synovium have been isolated from pathological knee and hip joints exhibiting a "mixed" cell-surface marker profile similar to this study.…”

Persistence of fluorescent nanoparticle‐labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and after intra‐articular injection

“…Whether this was due to an effect of QDs or to drift of MSC immunophenotype over the passages in separate cultures is not clear, and further studies are needed in this area. Although molecular markers continue to be used to characterize stem cell populations, recent studies with human MSCs indicate that cells isolated from different donors (Szepesi et al, ) or from different sites from the same donor (Hatakeyama et al, ; Sacchetti et al, ) and cells treated with different enzymatic digestion methods for detachment (Tsuji et al, ) can have different surface antigen expression and even MSCs with identical cell surface phenotype from different tissues and donors have distinct transcriptomic signatures and differentiation capacities, likely due to the broad overlap of cells with MSC markers with other cell populations (Assoni, Coatti, Valadares, et al, ; Sacchetti et al, ). Thus, the immunophenotypic characterization of MSCs remains unclear, and MSCs are currently best defined functionally.…”