Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite markers from Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens, Osphronemidae, Anabantoidei) and their transferability to related species, B. smaragdina and B. imbellis

Abstract

Isolation and characterization of novelten markers were polymorphic, exhibiting an allelic number (N A ) from 2 to 6 alleles per locus. The effective number of alleles (N E ) ranged from 1.60 to 3.08 (average of 2.30). The observed (H O ) and expected (H E ) heterozygosities ranged from 0.13 to 0.67 (average of 0.39) and 0.29 to 0.63 (average of 0.50), respectively. Linkage disequilibrium was not significantly detected for any pair of loci, and only two loci (BettaMS23 and BettaMS28) showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Of these, six loci could be amplified in genomic DNA of the closely related species B. imbellis and three loci in B. smaragdina. These microsatellite markers could be used as a tool to investigate genetic diversity and population structure, as well as breeding programs in hatcheries.

Complete mitochondrial genome of mouthbrooding fighting fish (Betta pi) compared with bubble nesting fighting fish (B. splendens)

“…Fighting fish in the genus Betta comprise the largest group in Anabantoidei. They are separated into two groups as mouthbrooders and bubble nesting (Ruber et al 2004;Chailertrit et al 2014). Betta pi is the largest mouthbrooding fighting fish species, while B. splendens is a globally popular ornamental bubble nesting fish with brilliant and striking colour variations.…”

The role of molecular taxonomy in uncovering local ornamental Palo Fish (Betta sp.: Osphronemidae) and other Betta based on Cytochrome b gene

“…Betta fish's grouping for a long time is based on the morphological characters [11,12,13,14]. With the development of technology and the use of DNA, currently has developed a systematic study using molecular data, or a combination of both [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25].…”

De novo transcriptomic characterization of Betta splendens for identifying sex-biased genes potentially involved in aggressive behavior modulation and EST-SSR maker development

“…As a freshwater fish species indigenous to Southeast Asia, the Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens is one of the most commercially important labyrinth fishes in ornamental fish industry. Among the thousands of aquarium fish species and varieties traded worldwide, B. splendens is very popular for its notable value owing to the attractiveness such as variety of color and scale pattern, body shape, fin designs and ease of artificial cultivation in poor quality water [1, 2]. Like some other teleost fishes, B. splendens exhibits a distinct reproductive and paternal care behavior [3], whereas there are significant differences in behavior typicality between males and females.…”

“…On the other hand, all wild populations of B. splendens are now gravely threatened. With the big progress of commercial breeding and sharp increase of seedling production, the population resource of B. splendens has been rapidly declining because of critical hazards such as destruction of natural habitat and contamination from artificially bred fish [1]. It is necessary to pay serious attention to delineating the biodiversity conservation and population structures management in the wild and breeding programs in hatcheries.…”

“…Moreover, microsatellite marker development for non-model organisms remains obstructed because of the limitations of time and cost. So far just a few population genetics study has been executed in B. splendens , including microsatellite markers development in small quantities [1] and genetic diversity analysis by means of allozyme markers [2]. The scant marker resource severely impedes the research progress of population genetics and genomics in fighting fish.…”