Isolation and Characterization of Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria from Hospital Wastewater Sites around the City of Aizawl, Mizoram

Hauhnar, Lalremruata; Pachuau, Lallianmawii; Lalhruaitluanga, H.

doi:10.4236/abb.2018.97020

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this present study, least resistance by Morganella morganii (20%) was observed. M. morganii are intrinsically resistant to members of beta-lactam but are known to be susceptible to large group of antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin), aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, cephalosporins, aztreonam [45]. In this study, other isolates that exhibited multidrug resistance are P. mirabilis and K. pneumoniae (70% each), S. enteric (60%), C. fruendii (50%), and Vibro cholera (40%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Detection of Multidrug-Resistance Gram-Negative Bacteria from Hospital Sewage in North East, Nigeria

Mustapha¹

2019

FEM

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Antibiotic resistance is on the verge of becoming top killer globally if left unattended in few decades to come.Much focus has been on clinical use and misuse of antibiotics and non-therapeutic applications in agriculture are blamed for the emergence of resistance. However, the rising incident of environmental spread of antibiotic is a major public health concern. The purpose of this study is to investigate the occurrence of gram-negative bacteria from hospitals sewage and evaluate the multi-drug resistant pattern of the isolates in the study area. Sample from five government's hospitals in Damaturu, Northern Nigeria were collected. The bacteria were quantified using pour plating method; colonies were counted and further characterized by morphological and biochemical characteristics using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was determined by Kirby-Baur disc diffusion method. A total of 1377 gram-negative isolates were identified;

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Detection of Multidrug-Resistance Gram-Negative Bacteria from Hospital Sewage in North East, Nigeria

Mustapha¹

2019

FEM

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“…Sewage is the byproduct of water characterized by physical, chemical, and bacteriological contaminants. Uncontrolled and excessive use of antibiotics by human cause increase in multidrug resistance in hospital effluents (Hauhnar et al, 2018). One milliliter of sewage typically contains between 10 5 and 10 6 microorganisms (Shchegolkova et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Effluents of Different Hospitals Sewage in Biratnagar, Nepal

Mahato¹,

Mahato

Adhikari

2019

Int. J. Environ.

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Untreated water from hospitals of Biratnagar as effluent is a serious concern from health point of view. Antimicrobial resistant bacteria are a serious threat which may contaminate the drinking water and environment. With an aim of isolation and detection of Multidrug resistance (MDR) and Extended-spectrum lactamases (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae from the effluents and sewage samples of hospitals, this study builds the importance to inquiry about the involvement of hospital liquid waste discharge in the development and distribution of antibiotics resistance in the environment bacteria. Ten hospital sewage samples were aseptically collected, processed and analyzed. Isolates were biochemically identified, and their antimicrobial activity were tested. Of the ten sewage samples analyzed, 23 bacteria isolates were isolated which contained 8 Escherichia coli (34.7%), 5 isolates each of Citrobacter spp (21.7%) andEnterobacter spp (21.7%), 3 isolates of Klebsiella spp (13%), and 1 isolate each of Shigella spp (4.3%) and Yersinia spp (4.3%). Most of the bacteria isolated were resistant to ampicillin, ceftazidime, cefpodoxime, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, and cefuroxime. The isolates were sensitive to nitrofurantoin, azithromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and gentamycin antibiotics. Out of twentythree isolates, 16 (69.6%) were found to be multidrug resistant, 7 (30.4%) were producing extended beta lactamase, while 18 (78.3%) multi-antibiotics resistance index greater than 20%. Among the bacteria isolated; 80% of the Citrobacter; and 75% of the E. coli were found biofilm producing bacteria. Sewage treatment plant must be established in hospital for their effluents and sludge coming from the hospital.

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“…The presence of such pollutants would continue to favour the development of resistance as the pathogens can easily donate the genes responsible for the upsurge of resistance in a microbial community. This phenomenon is aided by mobile genetic elements like plasmids and transposons in a horizontal manner [48,49]. Exchange of genetic contents between bacteria is common as a survival strategy; Bridget et al [50] detected recurrent conjugative transfer of resistant genes in the 83% of environment isolates that had exchanged one or more resistant genes.…”

Section: Behaviouralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental contribution to antimicrobial resistance: A largely ignored global health issue

Mustapha

Allamin

Ismail

et al. 2021

PNgAS

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Environmental contribution to the continued occurrence of antibiotic resistance has been largely unexplored. There has been much focus on clinical isolates for their resistant nature but non-clinical bacterial isolates in the environment have been considered as the chief contributing factors that facilitate the spread and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ABR) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). The natural environment acts as a reservoir for bacteria, providing them with a favourable condition for their emergence and breeding of resistance. One such environmental leverage is inter/intra-specie exchange of genes encoding resistance factors. It was argued that human activities aid immensely in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in the environment. The rationale for this review is to examine extensively the complex interplay of antibiotic resistance from the natural environmental perspective and factors that influence the occurrence and dissemination of such resistance. It also seeks to stress the biological factors that facilitate the emergence of resistance and link it to general biological processes. The review has been structured to capture the general threat posed by the circulation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their genes, as well as the influence of the environment in contributing to this global health threat. In addition, the review looked at the effective methods used to tackle the silent pandemic, by controlling the spread of resistance in the environment. Environmental stakeholders and policymakers are recommended to be included in tackling the development of antibiotic resistance.

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Isolation and Characterization of Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria from Hospital Wastewater Sites around the City of Aizawl, Mizoram

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Detection of Multidrug-Resistance Gram-Negative Bacteria from Hospital Sewage in North East, Nigeria

Detection of Multidrug-Resistance Gram-Negative Bacteria from Hospital Sewage in North East, Nigeria

Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Effluents of Different Hospitals Sewage in Biratnagar, Nepal

Environmental contribution to antimicrobial resistance: A largely ignored global health issue

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