Isolation and characterization of developmental variants in fruiting using a homokaryotic ruiting strain of Coprinus cinereus

Abstract

Developmental variants in fruiting of Coprinus cinereus were induced by mutagenizing oidia of the homokaryotic fruiting strain CopD5-12 with UV light. Through screening of 2,696 isolates, 1,018 strains exhibited defects in fruiting and were classified into 8 groups: (1) knotless variants, which fail to form hyphal knots, the first visible sign of fruiting; (2) primordiumless variants, which form hyphal knots but fail to develop fruit-body primordia; (3) maturationless variants, which form fruit-body primordia but do not form mature fruit bodies; (4) elongationless variants, which form mature fruit bodies with short stipes; (5) expansionless variants, which form mature fruit bodies with unexpanded pilei; (6) sporeless variants, which fail to produce black basidiospores, resulting in fruit bodies with white pilei after maturation; (7) compound type, which includes variants exhibiting several of the phenotypes described above; (8) others, including variants that produce a "dark stipe" even under in light/dark conditions, which is formed under continuous darkness in the wild-type. Two elongationless variants were characterized histologically.

The dst1 Gene Involved in Mushroom Photomorphogenesis of Coprinus cinereus Encodes a Putative Photoreceptor for Blue Light

“…Three of the mutants, Uar801, Uad290, and Uad351, were isolated from the homokaryotic fruiting strain, CopD5-12, after UV mutagenesis (Muraguchi et al 1999), and the remaining two strains, R1428 and H1-1280, were found among hygromycin-resistant transformants of the AmutBmut strain after restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) mutagenesis (Cummings et al 1999). We first carried out dominance tests on these mutants by mating them with wild-type homokaryons and leaving the resulting heterozygous dikaryons to the conditions that promote the development of mature fruiting bodies.…”

Life History and Developmental Processes in the BasidiomyceteCoprinus cinereus

“…The genetic load found in monokaryotic mycelia isolated from the wild is often suboptimal to undergo fruiting when combined in a dikaryon (261,330), and interesting recessive mutations can be hidden within wild-type fruiting bodies (353). How delicately the genetic conditions of strains are balanced is further emphazised by the ease with which mutants with mutations in fruiting-body development can be created in a dikaryon and also in Amut Bmut homokaryons (213,214,354,463;Kües,Granado,et al,unpublished). Mutants isolated by chance from the wild have been used to clone genes pcc1 and ich1 (353,357).…”

A Mutation in the eln2 Gene Encoding a Cytochrome P450 of Coprinus cinereus Affects Mushroom Morphogenesis

“…1A and 1B), which is due to extension of component cells (Kamada and Takemaru, 1977). We have isolated and analyzed mutants defective in stipe elongation (Takemaru and Kamada, 1972;Kamada et al, 1984;Muraguchi et al, 1999). Biochemical and light-and electronmicroscopic studies on those mutants and the wild type have revealed fundamental aspects of stipe elongation, such as diffuse extension growth of cylindrical stipe cells causing stipe elongation, helical orientation of chitin microfibrils in the walls of stipe cells throughout development, and changes in mechanical properties of the stipe wall parallel with the elongation rate during development (Gooday, 1985;Kamada, 1994).…”