Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose-decomposing Bacteria Inhabiting Sawdust and Coffee Residue Composts

Abstract

Clarifying the identity and enzymatic activities of microorganisms associated with the decomposition of organic materials is expected to contribute to the evaluation and improvement of composting processes. In this study, we examined the cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic abilities of bacteria isolated from sawdust compost (SDC) and coffee residue compost (CRC). Cellulolytic bacteria were isolated using Dubos mineral salt agar containing azurine cross-linked (AZCL) HE-cellulose. Bacterial identification was performed based on the sequence analysis of 16S rRNA genes, and cellulase, xylanase, β-glucanase, mannanase, and protease activities were characterized using insoluble AZCL-linked substrates. Eleven isolates were obtained from SDC and 10 isolates from CRC. DNA analysis indicated that the isolates from SDC and CRC belonged to the genera Streptomyces, Microbispora, and Paenibacillus, and the genera Streptomyces, Microbispora, and Cohnella, respectively. Microbispora was the most dominant genus in both compost types. All isolates, with the exception of two isolates lacking mannanase activity, showed cellulase, xylanase, β-glucanase, and mannanase activities. Based on enzyme activities expressed as the ratio of hydrolysis zone diameter to colony diameter, it was suggested that the species of Microbispora (SDCB8, SDCB9) and Paenibacillus (SDCB10, SDCB11) in SDC and Microbispora (CRCB2, CRCB6) and Cohnella (CRCB9, CRCB10) in CRC contribute to efficient cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic processes during composting.

Nutrient availability shapes the microbial community structure in sugarcane bagasse compost-derived consortia

“…The enzymatic conversion of plant residues represents a major cost of biofuel production, limiting its economical competitiveness and sustainability. The isolation of lignocellulose degrading microorganisms has been reported from environments such as compost7891011, soil111213, water13, animal waste slurry11, and invertebrates1415. Metagenomics approaches and the rapid development of new sequencing techniques have greatly enhanced our understanding on how these complex microbial communities (MCs) are structured and how they respond to environmental factors.…”

Microbial communities mediating algal detritus turnover under anaerobic conditions

“…Anaerosporobacter, a strictly anaerobic spore former, and other Lachnospiraceae members were previously isolated from cellulose and xylan-pectin enrichments of cow feces (Ziemer, 2014), and are frequently encountered within the human gut microbiota (Gagen et al, 2015; Lau et al, 2016; Martinez et al, 2013; Nava, Friedrichsen & Stappenbeck, 2011). Members of the genus Paenibacillus are globally distributed facultative anaerobes (Li et al, 2014), some of which are known to exhibit superior plant biomass degradation capacities (Eida et al, 2012). On the other hand, in both GL and WWT kelp microcosms, a single lineage constituted the majority of the enriched Firmicutes; Genus Clostridium in GL, and Family Veillonellaceae in WWT.…”

Microbispora sp. LGMB259 Endophytic Actinomycete Isolated from Vochysia divergens (Pantanal, Brazil) Producing β-Carbolines and Indoles with Biological Activity

“…The others stains correlated are Microbispora sp. CRCB5, strain utilized in cellulose- decomposing, but was not characterized on species level [8], and the type strain Microbispora rosea subsp. rosea JCM8971 [21].…”