Isolation and characterisation of<i>Salmonella</i>in a turkey production facility

Nayak, Rajesh; Kenney, P. Brett; Keswani, Jyoti; Ritz, Casey W.

doi:10.1080/0007166031000088370

Cited by 44 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…The litter in the farm was one of the important reservoirs for Salmonella showing high Salmonella prevalence and MDR rates. Other reservoirs of Salmonella , such as feed, air, fans, and vectors such as insects, wild birds, farmers, and rodents might also contribute to its transmission in chicken farms [61]. Additional measures for litter and feed management might be required to prevent the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella in such farms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plausible explanations include insufficient disinfection, development of resistance to disinfectants in the first production cycle and subsequent survival, and inherent resistance in Salmonella [1, 60]. Another explanation is that other factors including air, unclean facilities, and vectors such as insects, wild birds, farmers, and rodents, might contribute to Salmonella transmission in poultry farms [61]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella in broiler farms with or without enrofloxacin use

Shang¹,

Wei²,

Kang³

2018

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundSalmonella is a major zoonotic food-borne pathogen that persists on poultry farms, and animals undergo reinfection with endemic strains. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella within and between broiler farms that used enrofloxacin and those that did not.ResultsCloacal and environmental (litter, feed, and water) samples from two selected flocks in each of 12 farms owned by the same company were collected three times over a 30-day period of two production cycles during 2015–2016. The rate of Salmonella isolation was 7.8% (123/1584). Nine Salmonella serotypes (116 isolates) and seven untypable isolates were identified, and Salmonella Montevideo was the most prevalent serotype. Azithromycin-resistant (17.9%) and colistin-resistant (3.3%) isolates were detected, and multidrug-resistant isolates (43.1%) were also observed. No isolate was resistant to enrofloxacin or ciprofloxacin; however, intermediate resistance to enrofloxacin was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in farms that used enrofloxacin than in those that did not. The rate of multi-drug resistance among litter isolates (25/44, 56.8%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that among cloacal swab (24/67, 35.8%) and feed (4/12, 33.3%) isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of strains of the same serotype was conducted to determine their epidemiological relationship. The PFGE types were classified into 31 groups with a 100% correlation cutoff in dendrograms for Salmonella Montevideo isolates, which showed 100% genomic identity based on age, sample type, flock, and production cycle within and between farms.ConclusionThe present study highlights the occurrence of horizontal transmission and cyclic contamination with antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella in broiler farms owned by the same company. Litter may be a good indicator of indoor environmental contamination with antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella on farms. Additionally, enrofloxacin use may be one of the factors promoting resistance towards it in Salmonella.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1590-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella in broiler farms with or without enrofloxacin use

Shang¹,

Wei²,

Kang³

2018

BMC Vet Res

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“…Therefore, the bedding material can be contaminated through broiler feces, favoring pathogen transmission through the flock [ 36 ]. Indeed, cross-contamination in broiler poultry farms was already reported [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Contamination of Bedding Material: One Health in Poultry Production

Gomes

Pena

Cervantes

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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In poultry farms, the mixture of bedding material, chicken excrement, and feathers seems to play an important role in pathogen development which may contribute to a potential risk of zoonosis, spreading the disease through the food chain. The purpose of this study was to analyze microbial contamination in bedding material and other matrices as well as potential antimicrobial resistances in chicken production facilities, and also to identify the sampling techniques and assays used. This study evidences the available data published, following the PRISMA methodology. Among the environmental samples, surface swabs were frequently used as a passive sampling technique. Morphological identification was performed in all studies. From all the matrices, the bedding material was the most contaminated. Most studies focused on bacterial contamination, with Salmonella sp. and Campylobacter sp. being commonly reported and three studies evidenced fungal contamination, being Penicillium sp.- and Aspergillus sp.-dominant. Mycotoxin assessment was only performed in one study, being identified in all bedding samples. The screening for bacteria resistance evidenced bacteria multidrug resistance; however, fungal susceptibility to azoles was not assessed in any of the analyzed studies. Briefly, this review evidences the microbial contamination in poultry facilities, emphasizing animals’ bedding as a potential source of contamination. Additionally, this study contributes to a sampling and analysis protocol proposal to assess the microbial contamination in this setting. Additionally, the knowledge gaps identified highlight the need of further research regarding microbial contamination and toxicological potential on animals’ bedding in order to mitigate the exposure in poultry pavilions.

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“…The reduction of foodborne pathogens requires a comprehensive phage control program at the farm, where the animals are born, hatched or raised, before shipment to processing plants. Potential pre-harvest sources of foodborne pathogen contamination include breeder herds and flocks, hatcheries, contaminated feed and water, along with environmental sources and vectors, such as litter, animal caretakers, and insects (Bailey 1993; Nayak et al 2003). …”

Section: Phage In Therapy/bio-control (Prophylaxis) Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural solution to antibiotic resistance: bacteriophages ‘The Living Drugs’

Jassim¹,

Limoges²

2014

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

112

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Antibiotics have been a panacea in animal husbandry as well as in human therapy for decades. The huge amount of antibiotics used to induce the growth and protect the health of farm animals has lead to the evolution of bacteria that are resistant to the drug’s effects. Today, many researchers are working with bacteriophages (phages) as an alternative to antibiotics in the control of pathogens for human therapy as well as prevention, biocontrol, and therapy in animal agriculture. Phage therapy and biocontrol have yet to fulfill their promise or potential, largely due to several key obstacles to their performance. Several suggestions are shared in order to point a direction for overcoming common obstacles in applied phage technology. The key to successful use of phages in modern scientific, farm, food processing and clinical applications is to understand the common obstacles as well as best practices and to develop answers that work in harmony with nature.

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Isolation and characterisation ofSalmonellain a turkey production facility

Cited by 44 publications

References 28 publications

Distribution and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella in broiler farms with or without enrofloxacin use

Distribution and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella in broiler farms with or without enrofloxacin use

Microbial Contamination of Bedding Material: One Health in Poultry Production

Natural solution to antibiotic resistance: bacteriophages ‘The Living Drugs’

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