Isolation and Biochemical Characteristics Analyses of Phenoloxidases (POs) in Three Cultured Mollusk Species

Song, Xiangdi; Jiang, Jingwei; Xing, Jing; Zhan, Wenbin

doi:10.1007/s11802-022-4808-6

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…For instance, reduced phenoloxidase activity has been reported in the haemocytes of Pacific oysters ( Crassostrea gigas ) exposed to mercury (Gagnaire et al 2004 ) and in the cell-free haemolymph of Pacific oysters following in vivo exposure to the soluble fraction of heavy fuel oil (Bado-Nilles et al 2009 ) and to the soluble fraction of light crude oil (Bado-Nilles et al 2010 ). In another study, phenoloxidase activity was inhibited by Fe 2+ , Mg 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ and Ca 2+ in the crude fraction of phenoloxidase isolated from abalone Haliotis discus hannai , whilst in clam Scapharca subcrenata , phenoloxidase activity was stimulated by Mn 2+ , but inhibited by Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ and Ca 2+ and Zn 2+ , displaying stimulative effect at 5 mmol L −1 (Song et al 2022 ). Therefore, these results suggest that phenoloxidase activity could be a highly sensitive immune-related parameter indicating pollutant exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of immunological biomarkers in the carpet shell clams (Ruditapes decussatus) from metal-contaminated sites in the South Lagoon of Tunis (Tunisia)

Mansour

Esteban

Hacene

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The South Lagoon of Tunis (Tunisia) is a Mediterranean lagoon adversely affected by industrial contaminants, harbour activity and untreated urban sewage. In this lagoon, the clam Ruditapes decussatus has been widely used as a biomonitor of seawater pollution through measurements of parameters related to oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. However, few studies have considered parameters of the immune system of this species in the South Lagoon of Tunis. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to evaluate several immune-related parameters in the cell-free haemolymph of carpet shell clams sampled during August and February from three polluted sites in the South Lagoon of Tunis (S1, S2 and S3) and one less polluted site as a reference site (RS) in order to identify suitable biomarkers for environmental quality assessments of this ecosystem. Concerning the immune-related parameters, seasonal factors modulated phenoloxidase, lysozyme, protease and esterase activity, with lower values measured for samples collected in August than for samples collected in February. In fact, bactericidal activity against two of the pathogenic bacteria tested and the activity of most immune-related enzymes were reduced in the cell-free haemolymph of clams collected from the most sampling sites in August compared to February one. In addition, values of abiotic parameters (temperature, salinity and pH) and metal (cadmium, copper, iron, lead and zinc) concentrations in the clams’ soft tissues, previously obtained and published by the authors, as well as the values of immune-related parameters were integrated using principal component analyses. Results indicated that the values of all measured immune-related parameters were negatively correlated with the temperature values and the variations most of these parameters highlighted that the chemical industrial area (S3) was the most impacted location within the South Lagoon of Tunis. The present study illustrates that the immune-related parameters measured in carpet shell clam cell-free haemolymph represent suitable biomarkers for environmental quality assessments because they provide effective seasonal and spatial discrimination.

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