Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Escherichia Coli from laying chicken and egg in Jimma Town, Ethiopia

Abstract

Objectives Food borne diseases are one of the main important issues in the world. Escherichia coli are considered as the most prevalent food borne pathogen. A cross sectional study was conducted from January 6- 2018 to September 10-2019 on cloacae swab; farm and market’s egg at Jimma town to isolate, identify and determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Result Out of 415 total samples, 156 (37.59%) were identified as E. coli from farm eggshell 21/83 (25.30%), farm egg content 12/83 (14.46%), cloacae swab 42/83 (50.60%) and market egg shell 45/83 (54.23%). In the current study antimicrobial susceptibility test of E. coli isolates from different sample types revealed varying degree of susceptibility to antimicrobial. Isolated E. coli was highly susceptible to Ciprofloxacin (100%), Gentamicine (100%), Streptomycin ( 96.4% ) , sulfonamides (94%), Kanamycin (91%), Chloramphenicol ( 89.5% ) , tetraccine (78.9%) , Trimethoprim (75%) these are considered appropriate for empirical treatment of E. coli in the study area. Moreover, resistance of isolates with 100%, 75% 50%, 25%, 1.6% and 0.5% was developed to ampicillin, neomycin, cefoxitin oxytetracycline , Streptomycin and tetraccine respectively. The presence of E.coli within egg/and chicken can pose serious public health problems. The appropriate hygienic practices of eggs at both farms and markets should be under taken.

"Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistant Status of E. Coli in Commercial Chicken Eggs in Bishoftu, Shwa, Central Ethiopia"

“…Antibiotics are used in poultry farms to increase feed conversion ratio, to promote growth of birds, to prevent, treat and control diseases and to combats stress from environmental changes led to the emergence of antibiotics resistance strains as Antibiotics [36]. The effect of antimicrobial resistant genes in poultry and the possible transmission to human's bacteria through animal foodborne and causes treatment failure in both animals and man leading to increased cost of treatment [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Unless all the necessary precautions are taken along the poultry production, marketing and processing chains, poultry meat and eggs can be contaminated by infectious agents that are harmful to humans (Table 5).…”

“…In Ethiopia, huge microbial contamination of eggs from retailers at urban settings could be due to unhygienic handling of the eggs, lack of standard storage and transportation facilities [21]. Only a few studies were conducted on the prevalence of e coli on the eggs provided for community at marketing centers and shops for consumers in Ethiopia, despite the prevalence of e coli from market egg was 45/83 (54.23%) with the incidence of E. coli in egg shell and egg content was 10% (6 of 60) and 1.67% (1 of 60), respectively in Ethiopia [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Antimicrobial resistance of E. coli in developing countries including Ethiopia is reported to be one major reason for failure of treatment of infectious diseases [9].…”