Isolation and Antibiotic Susceptibility of the Microorganisms Isolated from Diabetic Foot Infections in Nemazee Hospital, Southern Iran

Abstract

Background. Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are a major public health issue and identification of the microorganisms causing such polymicrobial infections is useful to find out appropriate antibiotic therapy. Meanwhile, many reports have shown antibiotic resistance rising dramatically. In the present study, we sought to determine the prevalence of microorganisms detected on culture in complicated DFIs in hospitalized patients and their antibiotic sensitivity profiles. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 24 months from 2012 to 2014 in Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. The demographic and clinical features of the patients were obtained. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to different agents was carried out using the disc diffusion method. Results. During this period, 122 aerobic microorganisms were isolated from DFIs. Among Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli were the most frequent organisms isolated, respectively. Of the isolates, 91% were multidrug while 78% of S. aureus isolates were methicillin resistant. 53% of Gram-negative bacteria were positive for extended-spectrum β-lactamase. Conclusion. Given the involvement of different microorganisms and emergence of multidrug resistant strains, clinicians are advised to consider culture before initiation of empirical therapy.

Intrinsic and Acquired Methicillin-Resistance Detection in Staphylococcus aureus and Its Relevance in Therapeutics

“…Antibiotic resistance is another factor considered for repeated colonization (13), and it is mandatory for every hospital or clinical setting to perform an accurate detection of MRSA. Knowledge of the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is a pre-requisite for infection control, and national guidelines for treatment are essential for the policy makers of public healthcare to conduct effective responses (14)(15)(16).…”

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“…It was observed that though there was a decrease in antimicrobial prescribing for these two conditions but there was enormous increase in prescribing of broad spectrum antimicrobials (i.e. from 10.6% to 40.5%) 14 . The emerging problem of antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to the medical field.…”

History, Virulence Genes, Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Diabetic Foot Patients

“…The VRE isolates include two E. faecalis and the one E. faecium were isolated and resistant to eight tested antibiotics (Olawale et al, 2011).The high prevalence of Enterococci has developed as a public health threat. Anvarinejad et al, (2015) indicated that the Enterococci are the most common bacteria present in immune-compromised patients, such as diabetics, and in their foot ulcers, but their part in corruptions at these sites is not clearly detected.…”

“…were frequently isolated from 34 (39.5%) patients consisting of 20 males (59%) and 14 females (41%), and showed a high degree of resistance to vancomycin. Knowing of the causative microbes in Diabetic Foot Infections (DFIs) and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles is an important step for an appropriate treatment and eradication of infection (Anvarinejad et al, 2015). In Portugal all Enterococcus species isolated from diabetic foot infections were considered as resistant to different antibacterial agents, gelatinase and cytolysin creators, and the majority also established the aptitude to harvest biofilms these consequences show the importance of enterococci in diabetic foot infection advance and persistence, particularly concerning their biofilm forming aptitude and resistance to clinically pertinent antibiotics (SemedoLemsaddek et al, 2016).…”