Isolated Supravalvular Pulmonary Stenosis: A Rare Echocardiographic Finding

Maffè, Stefano; Dellavesa, Pierfranco; Paffoni, Paola; Zenone, Franco; Cucchi, L; Paino, Anna Maria; Bergamasco, Luca; Baduena, Lara; Pardo, Nicolò Franchetti; Zanetta, Marco; Parravicini, Umberto

doi:10.1111/echo.12612

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The presenting age of the patients is variable depending upon the severity of the stenosis. We encountered the disease in toddlers but there have been case reports of presentation in neonates, 8 children, 11 and even in a septuagenarian 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical outcome of isolated congenital supravalvular pulmonary stenosis: a case series

Kumar

Mahajan

Jaswal

et al. 2019

European Heart Journal - Case Reports

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Background Supravalvular stenosis of main pulmonary artery is a rare anomaly characterized by the presence of constriction band just above the pulmonary valve. It is mostly acquired after intervention on the pulmonary trunk or less commonly is congenital in origin associated with complex congenital cardiac malformations and very rarely can present as an isolated native congenital supravalvular pulmonary stenosis (SPS). Case summary We present a series of four cases of isolated congenital SPS who underwent surgical correction at our tertiary care institute over 8 years. Mean age of the patients was 2.25 ± 0.96 years with all of them being males. Mean peak systolic gradient across the stenosis was 82 ± 21.48 mmHg ranging from 60 mmHg to 110 mmHg. There was no early and medium-term mortality with 100% survival at mean follow-up of 31 months (range 7–85 months). Discussion Surgical correction of congenital SPS carries excellent early and mid-term results with almost no mortality and very low risk of re-intervention for restenosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical outcome of isolated congenital supravalvular pulmonary stenosis: a case series

Kumar

Mahajan

Jaswal

et al. 2019

European Heart Journal - Case Reports

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“…Using the modalities available with 3D TTE, cusp number, thickness, and mobility can be determined in patients with PV diseases such as congenital PV diseases, PV masses, PV carcinoid valvulopathy, and PV endocarditis 2,4,5,14,15,27,30–35 . Additionally, 3D TTE provides accurate RV outflow tract supravalvular, subvalvular, and valvular measurements in patients with congenital RVOT obstruction 2,5,6,36 . 3D TTE also improved the accuracy in the assessment of pulmonary regurgitation (PR), which has implications in determining the timing of surgical intervention 24,27,37 …”

Section: D Transthoracic Echocardiography In Pv Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, 2D TTE evaluation is difficult in patients with multiple prior operations and in whom the RVOT resides directly posterior to the sternum. 3D TTE provides more detail assessments of RVOT, PV, PV annulus (Figures 1D, 2C, 4A,B), and the supravalvular area and features along with quantitative RV function by 3D EF and 3D strain 2,5,6,32 . Pulmonary annulus and RVOT dimensions are assessed with CT and intracardiac echo.…”

Section: Pv Diseases and 3d Echocardiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tri‐leaflet pulmonary valve (PV) is the smallest valve, one of the two semilunar valves, and due to its position between the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and pulmonary artery, is the most difficult valve to image by most techniques. Disorders of the PV in adult cardiac patients have been more frequently identified in recent years because of the extremely enhanced diagnostic capabilities and superior care of patients with congenital heart disease and associated PV disorders 1–6 . Advances in percutaneous interventions, particularly percutaneous pulmonary valve replacement and surgical techniques have conveyed more attention to the PV and pulmonary root imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary valve assessment by three‐dimensional echocardiography

Taşkesen

Gill

2021

Echocardiography

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The pulmonary valve (PV) has historically been ignored by imaging studies. Disorders of the PV encountered in adult cardiac patients are increasingly encountered due to advanced care of patients with congenital heart disease and associated PV diseases. Despite advances in PV imaging, multiple challenges remain when it comes to obtaining high quality PV images. While 2D TTE is the usual initial imaging tool for PV, excellent views of the PV annulus and its one or two leaflets are obtained in less than half of patients. The 3D echocardiography en face view allows all three leaflets to be evaluated concurrently, as well as assessments of the RV outflow tract and main pulmonary artery, which has improved quantitative assessment of PV diseases. Increasing image quality and experience with live/real time 3D TEE amplifies its utility in accurate evaluation and helps guide and monitor successful percutaneous PV interventions. 2D TTE remains the first line diagnostic tool; however, 3D TTE and 3D TEE provide better image quality which increases diagnostic accuracy and guidance to therapy. In this review article, we stress improvement in 3D echocardiography and its role in diagnostic and therapeutic options for PV diseases.

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“…Alkaloids and cardiac glycosides have been reported for adverse effects. Some herbs with adverse effects are described by Reid et al [212], Allard et al [213], Maffe et al [214], and Fatima and Nayeem [215]. Some plants previously reported in literature for adverse effects include Allium sativum, Panax ginseng, Silybam marianum, Vitis vinifera, Aloe barbadensis, Valeriana officinalis and Salix daphnoides, [210,[216][217][218].…”

Section: Current Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant active products and emerging interventions in water potabilisation: disinfection and multi-drug resistant pathogen treatment

et al. 2021

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Background This review aims at establishing the emerging applications of phytobiotics in water treatment and disinfection. Results Statistical analysis of data obtained revealed that the use of plant product in water treatment needs more research attention. A major observation is that plants possess multifaceted components and can be sustainably developed into products for water treatment. The seed (24.53%), flower (20.75), leaf (16.98%) and fruit (11.32%) biomasses are preferred against bulb (3.77%), resin (1.89%), bark (1.89%) and tuber (1.89%). The observation suggests that novel applications of plant in water treatment need further exploration since vast and broader antimicrobial activities (63.63%) is reported than water treatment application (36.37%). Conclusions This review has revealed the existing knowledge gaps in exploration of plant resources for water treatment and product development. Chemical complexity of some plant extracts, lack of standardisation, slow working rate, poor water solubility, extraction and purification complexities are limitations that need to be overcome for industrial adoption of phytochemicals in water treatment. The field of phytobiotics should engage modern methodologies such as proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics to minimise challenges confronting phytobiotic standardisation. The knowledge disseminated awaits novel application for plant product development in water treatment.

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Isolated Supravalvular Pulmonary Stenosis: A Rare Echocardiographic Finding

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Surgical outcome of isolated congenital supravalvular pulmonary stenosis: a case series

Surgical outcome of isolated congenital supravalvular pulmonary stenosis: a case series

Pulmonary valve assessment by three‐dimensional echocardiography

Plant active products and emerging interventions in water potabilisation: disinfection and multi-drug resistant pathogen treatment

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