Plant active products and emerging interventions in water potabilisation: disinfection and multi-drug resistant pathogen treatment

Abstract

Background This review aims at establishing the emerging applications of phytobiotics in water treatment and disinfection. Results Statistical analysis of data obtained revealed that the use of plant product in water treatment needs more research attention. A major observation is that plants possess multifaceted components and can be sustainably developed into products for water treatment. The seed (24.53%), flower (20.75), leaf (16.98%) and fruit (11.32%) biomasses are preferred against bulb (3.77%), resin (1.89%), bark (1.89%) and tuber (1.89%). The observation suggests that novel applications of plant in water treatment need further exploration since vast and broader antimicrobial activities (63.63%) is reported than water treatment application (36.37%). Conclusions This review has revealed the existing knowledge gaps in exploration of plant resources for water treatment and product development. Chemical complexity of some plant extracts, lack of standardisation, slow working rate, poor water solubility, extraction and purification complexities are limitations that need to be overcome for industrial adoption of phytochemicals in water treatment. The field of phytobiotics should engage modern methodologies such as proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics to minimise challenges confronting phytobiotic standardisation. The knowledge disseminated awaits novel application for plant product development in water treatment.

Intraspecific Variation of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of Different Solvent Extracts of Albizia coriaria Leaves from Some Agroecological Zones of Uganda

“…e identified secondary metabolites in the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts could be responsible for the observed antibacterial activities of the A. coriaria leaves. For example, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and polyphenols (flavonoids and phenols) have reported antibacterial activities [110] which are attributed to both their direct action against microorganisms and suppression of microbial virulence factors [111]. Alkaloids function by penetrating cells, intercalating microbial DNA, and targeting several nucleic acid enzymes, resulting in irreversible damage to microbial cells [112].…”

Mitigating potential public health risks and challenges from hazardous materials contained in electronic waste items in a developing country setting

“…Medicinal plants are used for natural decontamination of water. They include the seeds of Moringa oleifera, Arachis hypogaea (peanuts), Vigna unguiculata (cowpeas), Vigna mungo (urad) and Zea mays (corn) which purify the water by absorbing the negative charged impurities and metals [35]. Removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil could be achieved by (1) washing, leaching, flushing with chemical agents [36], (2) add some non-toxic materials to reduce solubility of heavy metals [37], (3) electromigration [38], (4) cover the original pollutants with clean materials [39], (5) mixing polluted materials with clean materials in surface and subsurface to reduce the concentration of heavy metals [40], and (6) phytoremediation [41].…”

IDENTIFICACIÓN DE MICROORGANISMOS PATÓGENOS PRESENTES EN EL ALOE VERA (Aloe Barbadensis Miller)

“…Cabe añadir que, la novedad de este trabajo consistió en seguir complementando y actualizando revisiones de literatura sistemáticas realizadas por investigadores como Adeeyo et al (2021); dado que, aún permanecen vacíos en cuanto a investigaciones relacionadas con extractos o aceites esenciales vegetales destinados al uso en la etapa de desinfección de aguas para reducir, en la medida de los posible, el uso de agentes fisicoquímicos que producen los SPD. Dicho aspecto es una oportunidad para futuros interesados en desarrollar trabajos bajo esta perspectiva, puesto que este tipo de tecnología es amigable con el ambiente, de bajo costo, y en la gran mayoría de casos, fácil acceso (Adeeyo et al, 2021).…”

“…Por otro lado, el uso de organismos vegetales están relacionados con el tratamiento y/o cura de diversas enfermedades humanas, así como la depuración de aguas (potables y/o residuales); debido a que poseen bioactivos/fitobióticos/fitoquímicos constituyentes tales como compuestos polifenólicos, antioxidantes naturales, taninos, alcaloides, flavonoles, quinonas, saponinas, etc., los cuales pueden intervenir en los procesos biológicosmetabólicos, transducción del material genético y el crecimiento de los microorganismos patógenos (Ardila et al, 2009;Mohamed y Ashour, 2019;Adeeyo et al, 2021).…”