Abstract:O Ureaplasma diversum é um patógeno oportunista do trato genital dos bovinos que causa surtos de vulvovaginite granular, seguidos de abortamento e redução da eficiência reprodutiva do rebanho. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a relação entre a extensão e a gravidade das lesões de vulvovaginite observadas com o isolamento de Ureaplasma diversum em amostras colhidas diretamente da mucosa vulvovaginal, em fêmeas de aptidão leiteira repetidoras de estro no estado de Alagoas, Brasil. A a… Show more
“…Cardoso et al (1997) (Landford 1975, Ruhnke et al 1984, Trichard & Jacobz 1985. U. diversum já foi isolada de surtos de vulvovaginite granular, seguidos de abortamento e redução da eficiência reprodutiva (Nascimento et al 1998, Cardoso et al 2000a, 2006, Cardoso & Vasconcelos 2004, Nascimento et al 2005, Oliveira Filho et al 2005.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…No Brasil, esta bactéria foi identificada no muco vaginal de vacas leiteiras com histórico de repetição de estro no Estado de Alagoas (Oliveira Filho et al 2005). Os autores relataram que o isolamento do agente esteve associado à presença de lesões na mucosa vulvovaginal e concluíram que U. diversum deve ser considerado como agente responsável por queda na eficiência reprodutiva e retorno ao estro provavelmente em consequência de mortalidade embrionária.…”
“…Cardoso et al (1997) (Landford 1975, Ruhnke et al 1984, Trichard & Jacobz 1985. U. diversum já foi isolada de surtos de vulvovaginite granular, seguidos de abortamento e redução da eficiência reprodutiva (Nascimento et al 1998, Cardoso et al 2000a, 2006, Cardoso & Vasconcelos 2004, Nascimento et al 2005, Oliveira Filho et al 2005.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…No Brasil, esta bactéria foi identificada no muco vaginal de vacas leiteiras com histórico de repetição de estro no Estado de Alagoas (Oliveira Filho et al 2005). Os autores relataram que o isolamento do agente esteve associado à presença de lesões na mucosa vulvovaginal e concluíram que U. diversum deve ser considerado como agente responsável por queda na eficiência reprodutiva e retorno ao estro provavelmente em consequência de mortalidade embrionária.…”
“…In Austria, U. diversum was present in all studied farms with 35.5% of the animals testing positive for the organism, which was associated with vaginitis (Petit et al 2008). Previous studies reported a predominance of mild GVV in more than 50% of repeat breeding dairy cows with samples positive for U. diversum associated with this lesion grade (Oliveira Filho et al 2005). In beef heifers, there was a predominance of mild to severe GVV that was also associated with U. diversum (Gambarini et al 2009).…”
Potential risk factors for Ureaplasma diversum in the vaginal mucus of 1,238 dairy cows were included in a multivariate logistic regression model, based on the cow level (i.e., granular vulvovaginitis [+GVV], yearly milk production [4500 kg or more], pregnancy, predominance of Bos taurus [+Bos Taurus], score of corporal condition [at least 2.5], concomitant positivity for Escherichia coli [+E.coli]), and farm level i.e., milking room hygiene (-Milking room), dunghill location, and replacement female). Ureaplasma diversum was present in 41.1% of the samples. Independent risk factors for U. diversum were +GVV (odds ratio [OR], 1.31); +Mycoplasma spp (OR, 5.67); yearly milk production (4500 kg or more) (OR, 1.99); +Bos taurus (OR, 1.68); +E. coli (OR, 4.96); -milking room (OR, 2.31); and replacement females (OR, 1.89). Ureaplasma diversum vaginal colonization was strongly associated with Mycoplasma spp., E. coli, and number of pregnant cows.
“…In this study 100% of the uterine fragments (uterine horns and body) showed lesions scored as 4, with presence of four or more inflammatory alterations, besides the epithelium destruction and/or muscular necrosis (Figure 2, Panel a, b, d). The presence of mononuclear cells and glandular damage in the endometrium in repeat breeding cows was correlated with the presence of Ureaplasma diversum in the herd (Galindo et al 2004, Oliveira Filho et al 2005.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They are opportunists, which colonize the reproductive tract of females and males and are involved in the infertility of many species, including humans and bovines, different from the other members of this class due to the ability to hydrolyze urea in carbon dioxide and ammonia, which is one of the responsible factors of the cilliostatic activity of the ureaplasmas. Ureaplasma diversum is the only specie in bovines, causing outbreaks of granular vulvovaginitis syndrome (GVS) and cervicitis (Ahmadi et al 2006, Husted 2003, followed by abortion and reduction of the reproductive efficiency of the herd (Oliveira Filho et al 2005).…”
In order to study and characterize the lesions in the reproductive tract of Nellore heifers naturally infected with Ureaplasma diversum and presenting granular vulvovaginitis syndrome (GVS), fragments of uterine tube, uterus, cervix, vagina and vulva of 20 animals were evaluated. The macroscopic lesions of the vulvovaginal mucosa were classified in scores of "1" mild, until "4", severe inflammation and pustular or necrotic lesions. The histopathological evaluation was performed using scores of "1" to "4", according to the inflammatory alterations. The fragments with severe microscopic lesions (3 and 4) were from the uterine tubes and uterus, which showed leukocytes infiltration and destruction and/or necrosis of epithelium. Alterations in the lower reproductive tract fragments were mild, but characteristics of acute inflammatory processes. The histopathological findings of the reproductive tract of females naturally infected with Ureaplasma diversum are consistent with injuries that compromise the environment from the local where spermatozoa acquires ability to fertilize an oocyte until those where the oocyte is fertilized. Therefore, animals with GVS should be identified early in the herd, because, besides the reduction in the fertility rates caused by tissue damages, they can contribute to disseminate the microorganism.
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