Isokinetic strength training of lower limb muscles following acquired brain injury

Killington, Maggie; Mackintosh, Shylie; Ayres, M. B.

doi:10.3109/02699052.2010.511589

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The strengthening program may have also contributed to increased muscle tone. 23,24 Several authors 25,26 have reported that decreased muscle tone contributes to increased laxity. Therefore, having cheerleaders participate in a strength and conditioning program may reduce laxity and increase stiffness during the course of a competitive season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Glenohumeral Laxity and Stiffness After a Shoulder-Strengthening Program in Collegiate Cheerleaders

Laudner

Metz

Thomas

2013

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Approximately 62% of all cheerleaders sustain some type of orthopaedic injury during their cheerleading careers. Furthermore, the occurrence of such injuries has led to inquiry regarding optimal prevention techniques. One possible cause of these injuries may be related to inadequate conditioning in cheerleaders.Objective: To determine whether a strength and conditioning program produces quantifiable improvements in anterior glenohumeral (GH) laxity and stiffness.Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: University laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A sample of 41 collegiate cheerleaders (24 experimental and 17 control participants) volunteered. No participants had a recent history (in the past 6 months) of upper extremity injury or any history of upper extremity surgery.Intervention(s): The experimental group completed a 6-week strength and conditioning program between the pretest and posttest measurements; the control group did not perform any strength training between tests.Main Outcome Measure(s): We measured anterior GH laxity and stiffness with an instrumented arthrometer. We conducted a group 3 time analysis of variance with repeated measures on time (P , .05) to determine differences between groups.Results: A significant interaction was demonstrated, with the control group having more anterior GH laxity at the posttest session than the strengthening group (P ¼ .03, partial g 2 ¼ 0.11). However, no main effect for time (P ¼ .92) or group (P ¼ .97) was observed. In another significant interaction, the control group had less anterior GH stiffness at the posttest session than the strengthening group (P ¼ .03, partial g 2 ¼ 0.12). Main effects for time (P ¼ .02) and group (P ¼ .004) were also significant.Conclusions: Cheerleaders who participate in a shoulderstrengthening program developed less anterior GH laxity and more stiffness than cheerleaders in the control group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Glenohumeral Laxity and Stiffness After a Shoulder-Strengthening Program in Collegiate Cheerleaders

Laudner

Metz

Thomas

2013

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Respiratory muscle training has not been evaluated among people with TBI. While ballistic (Williams, Clark, Hansson, & Paterson, 2014) and isokinetic (Killington, Mackintosh, & Ayres, 2010) strength training has been investigated in this population, changes in cardiorespiratory fitness were not evaluated.…”

Section: Clinical and Research Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aetiology of Reduced Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among Adults with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and the Relationship with Physical Activity: A Narrative Review

2015

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Reduced cardiorespiratory fitness or cardiorespiratory deconditioning is a secondary physical impairment commonly reported to affect people after traumatic brain injury (TBI), both in the short-and long-term. Eleven studies have measured peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) to evaluate fitness in this population. The mean (SD)VO 2peak from these studies was 27.2 (6.7) mL.kg −1 ·min −1 , which is markedly below the average fitness level of age-matched healthy individuals. The aetiology of cardiorespiratory deconditioning has not been well evaluated among people with TBI; however, studies on prolonged bed rest and studies on the acute consequences of TBI inform our current understanding. The primary aim of this paper is to present a model to describe the physiological factors contributing to the development of cardiorespiratory deconditioning among people with severe TBI. We propose that both central and peripheral factors contribute to reduced fitness, and that these changes occur because of both the initial brain damage and trauma sustained and the prolonged and initially extreme physical inactivity that is commonly experienced after this type of injury. Reduced fitness can significantly affect the ability to return to pre-injury activities. Given that reintegration into the community is a key goal of rehabilitation among people with TBI, interventions that can prevent or reverse reduced fitness need to be implemented.

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Interventions for clients with movement limitations

Umphred¹,

Byl²,

Lazaro³

et al. 2013

Neurological Rehabilitation

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Isokinetic strength training of lower limb muscles following acquired brain injury

Abstract: Isokinetic strength training may be effective to improve lower limb muscle strength; however, care needs to be taken in selecting suitable candidates as some individuals reported knee pain with this intensive programme.

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Anterior Glenohumeral Laxity and Stiffness After a Shoulder-Strengthening Program in Collegiate Cheerleaders

Anterior Glenohumeral Laxity and Stiffness After a Shoulder-Strengthening Program in Collegiate Cheerleaders

The Aetiology of Reduced Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among Adults with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and the Relationship with Physical Activity: A Narrative Review

Interventions for clients with movement limitations

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