Isoenzymes of Alkaline Phosphatase in Germinoma Cells

Abstract

Utilizing 18 germinomas, the characteristics of isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in germinoma cells were examined by light and electron microscopic enzymohistochemical and immunohistochemical techniques and biochemical methods including inhibition tests, electrophoresis and electrosyneresis. ALP in germinoma cells was generally located on the cell surface. In a few germinoma cells, however, ALP was seen not only on the cell membrane but also in the endoplasmic reticulum. Enzymohistochemically as well as biochemically, ALP in germinoma cells was little sensitive to L-phenylalanine, moderately sensitive to L-homoarginine and somewhat resistant to heat in its inhibition tests. Immunohistochemical examinations and electrosyneresis showed the presence of the placental type of ALP in germinoma cells and biochemical analyses revealed that the heat-stable component of ALP in germinoma cells was consistent with the D-variant of the placental type of ALP. Therefore, germinoma cells possessed mixed isoenzymes of ALP, consisting mainly of the liver/bone type and a small amount of D-variant of the placental type on the cell surface. The prominent expression of ALP in germinoma cells may be due to the enhanced expression of gonadal genes active in the germinoma genome.

Establishment of a new human osteosarcoma cell line, UTOS-1: cytogenetic characterization by array comparative genomic hybridization

“…Also, to assess osteoblastic differentiation, we used 2 monoclonal antibodies: anti-OP and anti-OC. ALP activity of UTOS-1 cells was estimated using a modified version of a cytochemical method described elsewhere [ 13 ], with naphthol AS-MX phosphate-fast blue RR staining (ALP staining kit; Muto Pure Chemicals Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Ovarian dysgerminoma presenting with hypercalcaemia. Case report and review of the literature

“…Germinoma cells are known to posssess mixed enzymes of alkaline phosphatase, consisting mainly of the liver and bonc isocnzymes with a small amount of the D-variant of thc placental type .on the cell surface (Koide et al 1988). In the apparent absence of bone or liver metastases, and with the rcturn of serum alkaline phosphatase to normal after surgery, the most likely origin for the raised alkaline phosphatase in our patient was from the dysgerminoma itself.…”

Development of an ELISA method for detecting immune complexes between tissue‐nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and immunoglobulin G

“…Essentially, the same electrosyneresis method as described previously (7,11) was used for the detection of TNSALP-IgG complexes in serum. For electrophoresis, agarose (ICN ImmunoBiologicals, Lisle, IL) was prepared at 1.5%, and rabbit anti-human polyclonal IgG antibody (Dako Cytomation, Japan Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) and Beronal Buffer (Jokoh Co., Ltd.; m 5 0.05, pH 8.6) were used.…”

“…To detect TNSALP-IgG complexes, methods such as immunoelectrophoresis (1,8), immunofixation electrophoresis (9), affinity electrophoresis (10), and electrosyneresis (11) were developed in the 1970s and 1980s. However, these methods involve tedious assay procedures and are unsuited to the simultaneous assay of multiple specimens.…”