“…Nonetheless, comparing Tjokroaminoto and Alimin is not new, but it is still rarely discussed. Scholars have produced extensive research on Tjokroaminoto's social and political views, including on socialism and his position on Nationalism (Makin, 2017;Manan, 2016;Melayu, 2002;Mulawarman, 2015). On the other hand, there are fewer studies about Alimin, however, they are mainly focused on his biography and political activities or movement, and not a comprehensive study of the social and economic framework that shaped his politics (Alimin, 1957(Alimin, , 2018.…”