Isatin: Role in stress and anxiety

Abstract

(Indoledione 2,3) isatin is an endogenous indole found both in mammalian brain and peripheral tissues. Isatin concentration in blood can exceed 1 microM and tissue concentrations vary from < 0.1 to 10 microM. Its level in the brain and periphery is increased by stress. Isatin has a wide spectrum of behavioural and metabolic effects. It is anxiogenic at lower doses and sedative at higher doses. Its most potent known in vitro actions are as an antagonist of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) function and NO signaling. In this review, we discuss isatin and stress in animal models, the few human studies, and also what it is known to date about the molecular mechanisms of its action. We suggest the possibility that isatin and its analogues may be interesting new pharmacological agents; Isatin antagonists may be anxiolytic, and isatin agonists may activate the HPA axis.

Furin as proprotein convertase and its role in normal and pathological biological processes

“…Одиннадцать а.о. из этой структуры у всех представителей семейства НУП идентичны, тогда как концевые фрагменты вариабельны [112][113][114].…”

Recent Highlights in the Development of Isatin-Based Anticancer Agents

“…Reviews that discuss the utility of isatin as a precursor for the synthesis of other heterocyclic compounds are also available [25][26][27]. More recently, reviews have focused on the biological role of endogenous isatin [19][20]28] and the diverse range of biological activities displayed by assorted isatins and isatin derivatives [18,[29][30][31][32][33][34] including oxindoles and their copper complexes [35][36].…”

“…Isatin (1) also plays a role in many physiological pathways, which are beyond the scope of this chapter (for further information see refs. [18][19][20]). …”

Influence of gravity discharge on the content of isatin-binding proteins in mice: results of ground-based and space research under the program Bion-M №1

“…широко распространённый в мозге, периферических тканях и биологических жидкостях млекопитающих [1][2][3]. Он обладает широким спектром биологических эффектов in vivo и in vitro [1][2][3].…”

“…Он обладает широким спектром биологических эффектов in vivo и in vitro [1][2][3]. Введение изатина животным с экспериментальным паркинсонизмом, не только оказывало положительный эффект на нейрохимические параметры, но и существенно улучшало их двигательную активность [4][5].…”