Is There Value to Seeing a Transgender Fellowship-Trained Surgeon?

Salgado, Christopher J.; Nugent, Ajani; Kuhn, Joseph

doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000004401

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…2 ). 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Residents from different specialties reported significantly different comfort levels when caring for transgender patients. 22 28 31 Recently, an emphasis has been placed on the multidisciplinary and holistic approach to transgender health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While transgender health education during surgical residency continues to evolve, there has been a simultaneous increase in GAS fellowship opportunities and a demand for fellowship-trained surgeons. 19 37 38 Despite program directors disagreeing on the need for fellowship training in GAS, multiple studies have shown that most residents in plastic surgery, urology, otolaryngology, and OMS support fellowship training. 14 15 20 21 25 26 Fellowship opportunities will further prepare trainees to master the technically challenging GAS, and better care for these patients in a variety of clinical settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 18 As most surgical training programs range from 5 to 7 years, this amounts to no more than 21 hours of transgender health exposure. 19 The reported median allotted time also does not capture that 18% of plastic surgery and 42% of urology programs had no didactic education, and a third of plastic surgery and urology programs had no clinical exposure. 18 All three initial surveys indicated that a positive program director attitude toward transgender education correlated with more trainee exposure and formal education.…”

Section: Current Training For Surgical Residents In Transgender Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formal training will also standardize trainee exposure and education, limiting program and geographical variation and better preparing trainees for the recent increase in new GAS fellowships. 19 …”

Section: Limitations and The Development Of New Transgender-health Cu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Concepts in Gender-Affirming Surgery Postgraduate Training

Khouri

Haley

MacEachern

et al. 2022

Indian J Plast Surg

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Background Recent advocacy efforts and expanded insurance coverage has increased health care utilization among transgender patients. Therefore, it is pivotal that surgical residents are properly trained to care for transgender patients in both clinical and surgical settings. Yet, no formal curriculum or training requirements exist for surgical residents. The aim of this systematic review is to understand the surgical trainee's postgraduate education and training with respect to transgender health and gender-affirming surgeries (GAS). Methods A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA)-compliant literature search was performed on December 04, 2020 in PubMed, Elsevier Embase, and Wiley Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The retrieved hits were screened and reviewed by two independent reviewers. Results Our literature search identified 186 unique publications, of which 14 surveys and one interventional study from various surgical specialties including plastic surgery, urology, otolaryngology, oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS), dermatology, and obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) were included in this study. The majority of residents and program directors in surgical specialties believe education related to transgender health is important, and the current exposure in surgical training does not sufficiently prepare surgical residents to care for this marginalized population. Conclusion Current postgraduate surgical training in gender-affirming surgery is nonuniform across surgical specialty, geographical region, and individual program. Incorporating training modules and hands-on experiences into surgical trainee education will better prepare residents for the numerous clinical and surgical interactions with transgender patients. Further research is required to better understand how to best incorporate these experiences into existing surgical curriculums.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Training For Surgical Residents In Transgender Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations and The Development Of New Transgender-health Cu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Concepts in Gender-Affirming Surgery Postgraduate Training

Khouri

Haley

MacEachern

et al. 2022

Indian J Plast Surg

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“…With more than 25 million people worldwide with gender dysphoria, one million people in the USA identifying as transgender, and up to 40% of transgender people undergoing surgery, it was surprising that the theme least explored was gender re-assigment. [ 45 – 48 ] This discrepancy likely reflects “stigma” and “taboo” around the subject. Two influential films came from the same director, Pedro Almodóvar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lights, camera, scalpel: a lookback at 100 years of plastic surgery on the silver screen

et al. 2021

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Background The presentation of medical topics in the cinema can greatly influence the public’s understanding and perception of a medical field, with regard to the doctors and surgeons, medical diagnosis, and treatment and outcome expectations. This study aims to evaluate the representation of plastic surgery in commercial films that include a character with a link to plastic surgery, either as a patient or surgeon. Methods The international film databases Internet Movie Database (IMDb), The American Film Institute (AFI), and British Film Institute (BFI) were searched from 1919 to 2019 to identify feature-length films with a link to plastic surgery. Movies were visualized and analyzed to identify themes, and the portrayal of plastic surgery was rated negative or positive, and realistic or unrealistic. Results A total of 223 films were identified from 1919 to 2019, produced across 19 countries. Various genres were identified including drama (41), comedy (25), and crime (23). A total of 172 patient characters and 57 surgeon characters were identified as major roles, and a further 102 surgeons as minor roles. Disparities were noted in presentation of surgeons, both in terms of race and gender, with the vast majority of surgeons being white and male. In total only 11 female surgeons were portrayed and only one black surgeon. Thirteen themes emerged: face transplantation, crime, future society, surgeon mental status, body dysmorphic disorder, vanity, anti-aging, race, reconstructive surgery, deformity, scarring, burns, and gender transitioning. The majority of films (146/223) provide an unrealistic view of plastic surgery, painted under a negative light (80/146). Only 20 films provide a positive realistic image (24/77). Conclusions There exists a complicated relationship between plastic surgery and its representation on film. Surgical and aesthetic interventions are portrayed unrealistically, with surgeons and patients presented negatively, perpetuating stigma, particularly with regard to cosmetic surgery. Cinema is also characterized by lack of representation of female and non-white surgeons. Recruitment of surgeons as technical advisors would help present a more realistic, representative view, without necessarily sacrificing creativity. Level of evidence: Not ratable.

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The Current State of Gender-Affirming Surgery Training in Plastic Surgery Residency Programs as Reported by Residency Program Directors

Magoon

LaQuaglia

Yang

et al. 2020

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Background: The purpose of this Web-based survey was to elucidate the current perspectives of plastic surgery residency program directors on training residents to perform gender-affirming surgery. Methods: Web-based surveys were distributed to 79 plastic surgery program directors. Demographic information and perspectives on training of gender-affirming surgery in plastic surgery residency were queried. Results: Of 79 distributed surveys, there were 43 responses (54 percent). Overall, program directors reported that their trainees were prepared to address plastic surgery–related transgender concerns (67 percent), and believe plastic surgeons are the most appropriate specialty referral for each type of gender-affirming surgery (top/chest, 98 percent; facial, 95 percent; and bottom/genital, 79 percent). Ninety-three percent of program directors noted that transgender surgery is becoming more accepted and/or practiced in their referral area, with 26 percent reporting a dedicated clinic experience. There was a mixed response on the need for additional fellowship training for gender-affirming surgery. Residents are exposed to significantly more bottom (p = 0.0018), top (p = 0.0013), and facial operations (p = 0.00005) if they rotate through a “gender” clinic. Conclusions: Of the queried program directors, the majority feel their residents are well-trained in gender-affirming surgery. However, residents have more clinical exposure in facial and top (chest) gender-affirming surgery as compared to bottom (genital) surgery. Although most program directors agree that plastic surgeons are the most important referral for top, bottom, and facial operations, there is less consensus over the role of fellowship training. Most program directors reported a desire to devote additional CME time to the topic in the coming years.

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Is There Value to Seeing a Transgender Fellowship-Trained Surgeon?

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Current Concepts in Gender-Affirming Surgery Postgraduate Training

Current Concepts in Gender-Affirming Surgery Postgraduate Training

Lights, camera, scalpel: a lookback at 100 years of plastic surgery on the silver screen

The Current State of Gender-Affirming Surgery Training in Plastic Surgery Residency Programs as Reported by Residency Program Directors

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