Is There Such a Thing as “Anti-Nutrients”? A Narrative Review of Perceived Problematic Plant Compounds

Petroski, Weston; Minich, Deanna M.

doi:10.3390/nu12102929

Cited by 145 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 260 publications

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“…9 The exposure to thiocyanate, although found in popular vegetables like Brussels sprouts and collards, 10 decreases thyroidal iodide uptake, 11 reducing the gland’s ability to produce hormones that are necessary for normal body function. 12 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Reducing Sugars Based on the Qualitative Technique of Benedict

et al. 2020

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Determination of reducing sugars is carried out routinely in the food industry, in biological research, or pharmaceutical and biomedical quality control to estimate metabolically assimilable sugars. Widespread detection methods are complex, expensive, or highly polluting. Here, we propose the use of spectrophotometric quantification for reducing sugars (Benedict q ) based on the qualitative method of Benedict. The protocol was validated, to verify its reproducibility and precision. With the proposed method (Benedict q ), the reducing sugar glucose can be determined in a range of 0.167–10 mg mL –1 , with an R 2 of 0.997 and accuracy (expressed as % of recovery) greater than 97%. Other reducing sugars, such as maltose, fructose, and lactose, showed similar values. The method robustness was verified for pH values greater than or equal to 4. In the case of protein presence, a correction is proposed in the range of 0–1.67 mg mL –1 . Modifications implemented in the protocol reduce cost, working time, and reaction volumes with respect to the original assay without detriments in accuracy and precision. In addition, waste reduction represents an important contribution of the method.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Reducing Sugars Based on the Qualitative Technique of Benedict

et al. 2020

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“…Nutrients derived from plants contain macro‐ and micronutrients, and highly bioactive compounds that reduce the risk for noncommunicable diseases 33 . Phytate (or phytic acid) occurs in plant seeds and store phosphorus.…”

Section: The Noncommunicable Disease Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In LMIC, diets are often plant based and phytate rich 34 . The highest concentrations of phytate are in legumes, cereals, pseudocereals, nuts, and seeds; and although phytate acts as antioxidants, iron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium are reduced (in phytate‐rich diets) 33–41 with the absorption of iron and zinc inhibited, 38,39,41–43 that, respectively, contribute to iron and zinc deficiencies in people in LMIC 39,44,45 . Iron deficiency may lead to anemia, with potentially irreversible impairment in psychomotor and mental development in children 46 .…”

Section: The Noncommunicable Disease Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy lifestyles and noncommunicable diseases: Nutrition, the life‐course, and health promotion

Cerf

2021

Lifestyle Medicine

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Cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases, targeted by Sustainable Development Goal 3.4, afflict millions of people and account for the highest global morbidity and mortality. Obesity is associated with noncommunicable diseases. Globally, diets have become sweeter, saltier with higher fat content, whereas physical activity has declined; which triggers the onset of obesity and noncommunicable diseases. Healthy nutrition and regular exercise are the foundations for healthy living and important for preventing noncommunicable diseases, in alignment with health promotion. The preconception, gestational, and lactational periods present windows for improving and optimizing progeny growth and development for better health outcomes. Malnutrition is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases; therefore ingesting healthy nutritious food, over the life‐course, is critical for countering these global epidemics that have a more profound adverse impact on people from low‐ and middle‐income countries. To combat obesity and noncommunicable diseases, people's ownership of their health, government action, and private sector responsibility should be aligned and supported by global initiatives and enabled through partnerships and collaborations. Many noncommunicable diseases are avertable through health promotion strategies mainly directed at the maternal and child health lifecycle, by focusing on women of reproductive age (prior to and during pregnancy, and during lactation) and during infancy and childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and ageing. Healthy lifestyles support health promotion and disease prevention, which is cost‐effective for noncommunicable diseases. The global high burden of obesity and noncommunicable diseases remains a complex and prevalent challenge; therefore, the adoption of healthy lifestyles is critical to slow down their onset and exacerbation.

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“…Damaging effects of free radicals have been implicated in many diseases such as in the pathogenesis of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and cataracts among others [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Antioxidants scavenge free radicals and thereby reduce the concentrations of free-radical and their related effects [ 15 ]. Phytic acid (PA), also known as myo-inositol hexaphosphate is considered an antioxidant due to its property of inhibiting hydroxyl radical formation [ 16 , 17 ], by chelating free iron, and making it unavailable for free radical formation [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytic Acid Protects from Oxidative Stress Induced by Iron-Overload and High-Fat Diets in ß2-Microglobulin Knockout Mice

2020

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The objective of this study was to examine the protective effect of phytic acid (PA) in reducing oxidative stress in an animal model for human hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) fed high-fat diets. Sixty-four ß2 microglobulin knockout (β2m KO) mice were randomly assigned to three treatments by feeding: control (basal), atherogenic (AT), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) diets. One-half of the mice in each treatment group were fed 2% (wt/wt) PA. The ß2m+/+ mice (wild type (WT)) were fed a basal diet. All seven groups were fed for 10 weeks with a 50-ppm iron-containing diet (AIN-93G). Free iron and lipids were measured in serum samples. Nonheme iron, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase concentrations were measured in the liver tissue. Nonheme iron concentration in ß2m KO mice (on the basal diet) was 20× higher (p < 0.0001) than in the WT mice. Compared to the WT mice, ß2m KO mice had a significantly higher concentration of free iron in the serum (p < 0.0001), six-fold higher hepatic TBARs (p < 0.0001), and 18% lower hepatic SOD level. When PA was added to the β2m KO basal diet, a reduction (26 to 50%) of iron concentration was seen in the liver and heart. The addition of PA also significantly reduced TBARs in all three dietary groups of the iron-overloaded group, but most effectively in the control group. An increase in SOD concentration was seen only in the PUFA group, but serum triacylglycerol (TG) concentration was reduced in both dietary fat groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that PA protects against oxidative stress-induced by genetic iron overload alone or when fed high fat.

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Is There Such a Thing as “Anti-Nutrients”? A Narrative Review of Perceived Problematic Plant Compounds

Cited by 145 publications

References 260 publications

Quantification of Reducing Sugars Based on the Qualitative Technique of Benedict

Quantification of Reducing Sugars Based on the Qualitative Technique of Benedict

Healthy lifestyles and noncommunicable diseases: Nutrition, the life‐course, and health promotion

Phytic Acid Protects from Oxidative Stress Induced by Iron-Overload and High-Fat Diets in ß2-Microglobulin Knockout Mice

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