Is There Any Difference Between Depression and Anxiety in Overactive Bladder According to Sex? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Mobile WebpISSN 2093-4777 eISSN 2093-6931 INTERNATIONAL NEUROUROLOGY JOURNALPurpose: Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by urinary urgency with or without urge incontinence, accompanied by frequency and nocturia. It affects individuals of all ages and can predispose affected individuals to depression and anxiety. However, few studies have been conducted on this topic. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and OAB using validated instruments. Methods: The search for articles was based on the following descriptors: overactive bladder, depression, and anxiety ("Urinary bladder, Overactive AND Depression and Anxiety") OR ("Urinary bladder, Overactive AND Depression" OR "Urinary bladder, Overactive AND Anxiety"). The databases searched included PubMed, MEDLINE, and SciELO. Results: Initially, 111 articles were identified, but only 11 articles, containing 11,784 participants with depression and 10,436 with anxiety, specifically addressed depression or anxiety and were included in this systematic review. Ten articles incorporated a quantitative analysis, with cohort, series, population-based, and cross-sectional designs. One qualitative study was also included. Three articles were included in the meta-analysis, resulting in a total of 7,468 participants in whom depression was evaluated and 8,030 participants in whom anxiety was analyzed. Depression and anxiety were positively correlated with OAB. Men with OAB were considerably more likely than women to have anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-1.73) but there was no sex-related difference in depression (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.77-1.21). Conclusions: This study showed a positive correlation between OAB and anxiety and depression. Men were considerably more likely than women to have anxiety related to OAB, but depression levels in OAB patients were not sex-related. This review highlights the need to investigate depression and anxiety in patients with OAB. • HIGHLIGHTS -There was a positive correlation between OAB and anxiety/depression.-Men had more anxiety related to OAB, but depression in OAB patients was not sex-related.-This review highlights the need to investigate depression and anxiety in patients with OAB.

Are psychological comorbidities important in the aetiology of lower urinary tract dysfunction—ICI‐RS 2018?

“…The important correlation of affective disorders (mostly depression) in adults and OAB symptoms has been broadly studied in the past. There are two recent reviews concerning the association between OAB and affective symptoms . Both reveal a positive association and in longitudinal studies, three different directional associations were reported: (1) OAB subjects who developed depressive complaints/anxiety or (2) depressed/anxious subjects who developed OAB or (3) both .…”

“…There are two recent reviews concerning the association between OAB and affective symptoms. 26,27 Both reveal a positive association and in longitudinal studies, three different directional associations were reported: (1) OAB subjects who developed depressive complaints/anxiety or (2) depressed/anxious subjects who developed OAB or (3) both. 26 There are sex differences, as men were more likely than women to have anxiety in relation to OAB, depression levels were similar between men and women.…”

“…26 There are sex differences, as men were more likely than women to have anxiety in relation to OAB, depression levels were similar between men and women. 27 A nationwide, population-based study in Taiwan, found that patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) had a significantly higher prevalence of anxiety and depression than matched controls even after controlling for sociodemographic variables and other systemic diseases, which points to a psychological role in the pathogenesis or sequelae of LUTS. 28 Functional BPS Bladder pain is a symptom, which can be due to a wide variety of disorders, both functional (idiopathic) and organic (or both).…”

Validating 7-items Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) through Arabic linguistic version

“…In the absence of a urinary tract infection, the urgency of urinary incontinence is associated with nocturia and increased daytime frequency 2 . This condition has severe adverse effects on the physical and social functioning of an individual, including sleep patterns, work life, and social relationships 3 . There is a negative impact of urge incontinence on the health-related quality of life in patients suffering from OAB 3 .…”

Comment on “Prevalence, subtypes, and correlates of nocturia in the symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network cohort”

“…3 In another study, it has been reported that overactive bladder symptoms lead to greater anxiety in men, but no difference in depression. 4 In the study of Chow et al 5 examining the risk factors of nocturia, it was found that hypertension was associated with ≥2 nocturnal voids in women but not men, and alcohol consumption in men but not women.…”