Is There a Role for Glutaredoxins and BOLAs in the Perception of the Cellular Iron Status in Plants?

Rey, Pascal; Taupin-Broggini, Maël; Couturier, Jérémy; Vignols, Florence; Rouhier, Nicolas

doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.00712

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…cerevisiae for interaction of Grx3/4 with Bol1, respectively Bol3 [36], which are both localized in mitochondria [35]. Nevertheless, we can neither exclude that a minor fraction of Bol1 is localized in the cytosol nor that Bol3 is exclusively or partially localized in the cytosol and that GrxD indeed interacts with these BolA-like proteins in vivo as described in other organisms [15,31,37,38].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

The monothiol glutaredoxin GrxD is essential for sensing iron starvation in Aspergillus fumigatus

et al. 2019

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Efficient adaptation to iron starvation is an essential virulence determinant of the most common human mold pathogen, Aspergillus fumigatus. Here, we demonstrate that the cytosolic monothiol glutaredoxin GrxD plays an essential role in iron sensing in this fungus. Our studies revealed that (i) GrxD is essential for growth; (ii) expression of the encoding gene, grxD, is repressed by the transcription factor SreA in iron replete conditions and upregulated during iron starvation; (iii) during iron starvation but not iron sufficiency, GrxD displays predominant nuclear localization; (iv) downregulation of grxD expression results in de-repression of genes involved in iron-dependent pathways and repression of genes involved in iron acquisition during iron starvation, but did not significantly affect these genes during iron sufficiency; (v) GrxD displays protein-protein interaction with components of the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster biosynthetic machinery, indicating a role in this process, and with the transcription factors SreA and HapX, which mediate iron regulation of iron acquisition and iron-dependent pathways; (vi) UV-Vis spectra of recombinant HapX or the complex of HapX and GrxD indicate coordination of iron-sulfur clusters; (vii) the cysteine required for iron-sulfur cluster coordination in GrxD is in vitro dispensable for interaction with HapX; and (viii) there is a GrxD-independent mechanism for sensing iron sufficiency by HapX; (ix) inactivation of SreA suppresses the lethal effect caused by GrxD inactivation. Taken together, this study demonstrates that GrxD is crucial for iron homeostasis in A. fumigatus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

The monothiol glutaredoxin GrxD is essential for sensing iron starvation in Aspergillus fumigatus

et al. 2019

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“…They control protein glutathionylation as an oxidoreductase (apoforms). They help control iron homeostasis by acting as a sensor to cellular iron distribution (holoforms) and regulate the intracellular sequestration and uptake of iron when deficient (isoforms) [ 80 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic Insight into the Community Structure of Maize-Rhizosphere Bacteria as Predicted by Different Environmental Factors and Their Functioning within Plant Proximity

Akinola

Babalola

2021

Microorganisms

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The rhizosphere microbiota contributes immensely to nutrient sequestration, productivity and plant growth. Several studies have suggested that environmental factors and high nutrient composition of plant’s rhizosphere influence the structural diversity of proximal microorganisms. To verify this assertion, we compare the functional diversity of bacteria in maize rhizosphere and bulk soils using shotgun metagenomics and assess the influence of measured environmental variables on bacterial diversity. Our study showed that the bacterial community associated with each sampling site was distinct, with high community members shared among the samples. The bacterial community was dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia. In comparison, genera such as Gemmatimonas, Streptomyces, Conexibacter, Burkholderia, Bacillus, Gemmata, Mesorhizobium, Pseudomonas and Micromonospora were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) high in the rhizosphere soils compared to bulk soils. Diversity indices showed that the bacterial composition was significantly different across the sites. The forward selection of environmental factors predicted N-NO3 (p = 0.019) as the most influential factor controlling the variation in the bacterial community structure, while other factors such as pH (p = 1.00) and sulfate (p = 0.50) contributed insignificantly to the community structure of bacteria. Functional assessment of the sampling sites, considering important pathways viz. nitrogen metabolism, phosphorus metabolism, stress responses, and iron acquisition and metabolism could be represented as Ls > Rs > Rc > Lc. This revealed that functional hits are higher in the rhizosphere soil than their controls. Taken together, inference from this study shows that the sampling sites are hotspots for biotechnologically important microorganisms.

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“…Additionally, these clusters of long sRNAs encoding sequences tended to form superclusters at certain genomic locations. As an example, the C. reinhardtii Cre03.g164550 gene encodes a homolog of the conserved eukaryotic FRA2/BolA-like protein 2, which in both fungi and mammals plays an essential role in trafficking [2Fe-2S] clusters to certain enzymes and transcription factors that control iron metabolism (Rey et al, 2019; Talib and Outten, 2021). The third intron of this gene is ∼3 kb in length and contains 5 clusters encoding AGO1-associated long sRNAs in sense orientation (Figure 4B, clusters 51304+, 51305+, 51306+, 51307+ and 51308+).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel class of long small RNAs associates with Argonaute1 and is up-regulated by nutrient deprivation in the alga Chlamydomonas

Kim

Voshall

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Small RNAs (sRNAs) associate with Argonaute (AGO) proteins forming effector complexes with key roles in gene regulation and defense responses against molecular parasites. In multicellular eukaryotes, extensive duplication and diversification of RNA interference (RNAi) components have resulted in intricate pathways for epigenetic control of gene expression. The unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii also has a complex RNAi machinery, including three AGOs and three Dicer-like (DCL) proteins. However, little is known about the biogenesis and function of most endogenous sRNAs. We demonstrate here that Chlamydomonas contains uncommonly long sRNAs (>26 nt), which associate preferentially with AGO1. Somewhat reminiscent of animal PIWI-interacting RNAs, these long sRNAs are derived from moderately repetitive genomic clusters and their biogenesis appears to be Dicer-independent. Interestingly, long sRNA encoding sequences have been conserved and amplified in phylogenetically related Chlamydomonas species. Additionally, expression of several long sRNAs increases substantially under nutrient deprivation, correlating with the downregulation of predicted target transcripts. We hypothesize that the transposon-like sequences encoding long sRNAs might have been ancestrally targeted for silencing by the RNAi machinery but, during evolution, some long sRNAs might have fortuitously acquired endogenous target genes and become integrated into gene regulatory networks.

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Is There a Role for Glutaredoxins and BOLAs in the Perception of the Cellular Iron Status in Plants?

Cited by 20 publications

References 75 publications

The monothiol glutaredoxin GrxD is essential for sensing iron starvation in Aspergillus fumigatus

The monothiol glutaredoxin GrxD is essential for sensing iron starvation in Aspergillus fumigatus

Metagenomic Insight into the Community Structure of Maize-Rhizosphere Bacteria as Predicted by Different Environmental Factors and Their Functioning within Plant Proximity

A novel class of long small RNAs associates with Argonaute1 and is up-regulated by nutrient deprivation in the alga Chlamydomonas

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