Is there a preference for PET or SPECT brain imaging in diagnosing dementia? The views of people with dementia, carers, and healthy controls

Bamford, Claire; Olsen, Kirsty; Davison, Chris; Barnett, Nicky; Lloyd, Jim; Williams, David; Firbank, Michael; Mason, Helen; Donaldson, Cam; O’Brien, John

doi:10.1017/s1041610215001039

Cited by 42 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Dementia is typically diagnosed by a healthcare provider in a clinical setting, by determining the extent of cognitive impairment, although this can be a difficult task due to dementia’s progressive nature—there is a range of severity in symptoms, depending on how far the disease has progressed when the patient is examined, and this largely relies on the examining physician’s discretion [ 35 ]. Positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are both brain imaging methods that are most commonly used to make a dementia diagnosis by examining the physical condition of the brain [ 36 ]. However, even with these tools, the difficulties of recognizing and diagnosing dementia are apparent, and approximately half of dementia cases are currently undiagnosed [ 37 ].…”

Section: Defining and Diagnosing MCI Dementia Ad And Vadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity: A Viable Way to Reduce the Risks of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Vascular Dementia in Older Adults

et al. 2017

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A recent alarming rise of neurodegenerative diseases in the developed world is one of the major medical issues affecting older adults. In this review, we provide information about the associations of physical activity (PA) with major age-related neurodegenerative diseases and syndromes, including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and mild cognitive impairment. We also provide evidence of PA’s role in reducing the risks of these diseases and helping to improve cognitive outcomes in older adults. Finally, we describe some potential mechanisms by which this protective effect occurs, providing guidelines for future research.

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Section: Defining and Diagnosing MCI Dementia Ad And Vadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity: A Viable Way to Reduce the Risks of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Vascular Dementia in Older Adults

et al. 2017

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“…Notably, patients demonstrated or reported feelings of discomfort and pain during ABPI, which has not been explored in-depth previously in the literature, nor is it recognised as a limitation of ABPI within guidelines for PAD [12]. Some patients who experienced pain or discomfort in relation to the blood pressure cuff expansion appeared to be ambivalent; not only did they not highlight the pain or discomfort to the nurse conducting the test, but they also later explained that discomfort or pain was an expectation of medical testing, thus perceiving it to be a necessity to receiving a diagnosis [37]. This was emphasised when asked their preference for a device; many patients struggled to identify a preference without further prompting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses’ and patients’ experiences and preferences of the ankle-brachial pressure index and multi-site photoplethysmography for the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease: A qualitative study

et al. 2019

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Peripheral arterial disease is a global health problem, affecting around 20% of people aged over 60 years. Whilst ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) is regularly used for diagnosis, it has a number of limitations, which have presented a need for alternative methods of diagnosis. Multi-site photoplethysmography (MPPG) is one such method, but evidence of acceptability of both methods is lacking. This study aims to describe and compare preferences and experiences amongst nurses and patients of ABPI and MPPG use in primary care. We used qualitative research methods in the context of a clinical diagnostic study comparing ABPI with MPPG. Use of ABPI and MPPG by 13 nurses were observed with 51 patients across general practice surgeries in North-East England in 2015/16. Follow-up semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 nurses and 27 patients. Data were thematically analysed. Two major themes were identified: (1) device preferences; (2) test discomfort and anxiety. There was a compelling preference for MPPG due to ease of use, speed of the test, patient comfort, and perceived device accuracy/objectivity. However some patients struggled to identify a preference, describing ambivalence to medical testing. ABPI was deemed uncomfortable and painful, particularly when the blood pressure cuff was inflated at the lower limbs. There was also evidence of anxiety amongst patients when their foot pulses were not identified using ABPI. Whilst ABPI is a non-invasive and routine procedure it was associated with a number of drawbacks in clinical practice. Nurses required considerable dexterity to employ the test, and it resulted in anxiety amongst some patients. Conversely, MPPG was deemed to be easier and quicker to use, and perceived to be less subjective. Should diagnostic accuracy and cost be comparable to ABPI, then the findings of this study suggest MPPG would be preferable to ABPI for patients as well as nurses.

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“…Two reviewers checked and judged the quality of the studies separately (SL, AR). If there Bamford et al [20] x x x 3/4 Mühlbacher et al [21] x x x x 4/4 Janus et al [22] x x x 3/4 Barrios et al [25] x x x 3/4 Smith et al [26] x x x 4/4 Groenewoud et al [28] x x x x 4/4 Nieboer et al [27] x x x x 4/4 Cohen-Mansfield et al [23] x x x 3/4 O'Philbin et al [24] x x x 3/4 Mulqueen et al [29] x x x x 4/4 Dening et al [8] x x x x 4/4…”

Section: Quality Assessment Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All eleven studies were published between 2010 and 2018. These studies considered a wide range of different attributes regarding the diagnostic procedure [20,21], treatment preferences [22], leisure activities [23,24], patient-reported outcomes [25,26], care services [27,28], and end-of-life care [8,29]. One study was conducted in Canada, five were conducted in the United Kingdom (UK), one was conducted in Germany, three were conducted in the Netherlands, and two were conducted in the United States of America.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on a card sorting exercise, Bamford et al [20] revealed preferences for diagnosing dementia using positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the UK in 2016. Patients over 60 years (n = 68) with mild or moderate dementia (Mini-Mental State Examination > 12) ranked accuracy (rank 1), helpful staff (rank 2), and comfort during scans as most important (rank 3).…”

Section: Diagnostic Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preferences of Cognitively Impaired Patients and Patients Living with Dementia: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Patient Preference Studies

Lepper

Rädke

Wehrmann

et al. 2020

JAD

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Background: Treatment decisions based on guidelines rather than patients’ preferences determine adherence to and compliance with treatment, which, in turn, could improve health-related outcomes. Objectives: To summarize the stated treatment and care preferences of people with dementia (PwD). Methods: A systematic review was conducted to assess the stated preferences of PwD. The inclusion criterion was the use of quantitative methods to elicit stated preferences, enabling a ranking of preferences. Results: Eleven studies revealed preferences for diagnostics, treatment decisions, patient-related outcomes, care services, end-of-life care, leisure activities, and digital life story work. PwDs prefer accurate, pain-free, and comfortable diagnostic procedures without radioactive markers as well as being accompanied by a caregiver. PwD’s quality of life (QoL), self-efficacy, and depression were equally most important for PwD and caregivers. However, PwD memory was only important for caregivers but not for PwD, and caregiver QoL was moderately important for PwD but least important for caregivers. Additionally, comfort and family involvement were most important for patients’ end-of-life care, whereas caregivers most preferred good communication and pain management. Also, preferences depend on the living situation: Patients living not alone prefer a regular care provider most, whereas those living alone only want to live nearby the caregiver. Preferences for leisure activities did not differ between past and present ratings, indicating that PwD prefer activities that have always been carried out. Conclusion: Only a few studies have applied quantitative methods to elicit the preferences of PwD. More research is needed to capture the stated preferences for the treatment, care, and support of PwD to improve health-related outcomes and the allocation of healthcare resources.

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Is there a preference for PET or SPECT brain imaging in diagnosing dementia? The views of people with dementia, carers, and healthy controls

Cited by 42 publications

References 19 publications

Physical Activity: A Viable Way to Reduce the Risks of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Vascular Dementia in Older Adults

Physical Activity: A Viable Way to Reduce the Risks of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Vascular Dementia in Older Adults

Nurses’ and patients’ experiences and preferences of the ankle-brachial pressure index and multi-site photoplethysmography for the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease: A qualitative study

Preferences of Cognitively Impaired Patients and Patients Living with Dementia: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Patient Preference Studies

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