Is the Urinary and Gut Microbiome Associated With Bladder Cancer?

Chorbińska, Joanna; Krajewski, Wojciech; Nowak, Łukasz; Bardowska, Klaudia; Żebrowska-Różańska, Paulina; Łaczmański, Łukasz; Pacyga-Prus, Katarzyna; Górska, Sabina; Małkiewicz, Bartosz; Szydełko, Tomasz

doi:10.1177/11795549231206796

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…They also found that patients with high-diversity microbiota at baseline exhibited greater median change in pH compared to those with low-diversity attributes. These findings are also reiterated by a recent systematic review (Chorbinska et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Change in microbiota profile after vaginal estriol cream in postmenopausal women with stress incontinence

Moore,

Ognenovska,

Chua

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionVaginal estrogen is a treatment for genitourinary symptoms of menopause (GSM), which comprises vaginal atrophy and urinary dysfunction, including incontinence. Previous studies show that estrogen therapy promotes lactobacilli abundance and is associated with reduced GSM symptoms, including reduction of stress incontinence. However, detailed longitudinal studies that characterize how the microbiome changes in response to estrogen are scarce. We aimed to compare the vaginal microbiota of postmenopausal women, before and 12 weeks after vaginal estrogen cream.MethodsA total of 44 paired samples from 22 postmenopausal women with vaginal atrophy and stress incontinence were collected pre-vaginal estrogens and were compared to 12 weeks post-vaginal estrogen. Microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and biodiversity was investigated by comparing the alpha- and beta-diversity and potential markers were identified using differential abundance analysis.ResultsVaginal estrogen treatment was associated with a reduction in vaginal pH and corresponded with a significant reduction in alpha diversity of the microbiota. Healthy vaginal community state type was associated with lower mean pH 4.89 (SD = 0.6), in contrast to dysbiotic state which had a higher mean pH 6.4 (SD = 0.74). Women with lactobacilli dominant community pre-treatment, showed stable microbiota and minimal change in their pH. Women with lactobacilli deficient microbiome pre-treatment improved markedly (p = 0.004) with decrease in pH −1.31 and change to heathier community state types.ConclusionIn postmenopausal women with stress incontinence, vaginal estrogen promotes Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium growth and lowers vaginal pH. Maximum response is seen in those with a dysbiotic vaginal microbiota pre-treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Change in microbiota profile after vaginal estriol cream in postmenopausal women with stress incontinence

Moore,

Ognenovska,

Chua

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Current Trends and Challenges of Microbiome Research in Bladder Cancer

Isali,

Helstrom,

Uzzo

et al. 2024

Curr Oncol Rep

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Purpose of the Review Microbiome research has provided valuable insights into the associations between microbial communities and bladder cancer. However, this field faces significant challenges that hinder the interpretation, generalization, and translation of findings into clinical practice. This review aims to elucidate these challenges and highlight the importance of addressing them for the advancement of microbiome research in bladder cancer. Recent Findings Recent findings underscore the complexities involved in microbiome research, particularly in the context of bladder cancer. Challenges include low microbial biomass in urine samples, potential contamination issues during collection and processing, variability in sequencing methods and primer selection, and the difficulty of establishing causality between microbiota and bladder cancer. Studies have shown the impact of sample storage conditions and DNA isolation kits on microbiome analysis, emphasizing the need for standardization. Additionally, variations in urine collection methods can introduce contamination and affect results. The choice of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing or shotgun metagenomic sequencing introduces technical challenges, including primer selection and sequencing read length. Establishing causality between the microbiota and bladder cancer requires experimental methods like fecal microbiota transplantation and human microbiota-associated murine models, which face their own set of challenges. Translating microbiome research into therapeutic applications is hindered by methodological variability, incomplete understanding of bioactive molecules, imperfect animal models, and the inherent heterogeneity of microbiome communities among individuals. Summary Microbiome research in bladder cancer presents significant challenges stemming from technical and conceptual complexities. Addressing these challenges through standardization, improved experimental models, and advanced analytical approaches is essential for advancing our understanding of the microbiome’s role in bladder cancer and its potential clinical applications. Achieving this goal can lead to improved patient outcomes and novel therapeutic strategies in the future.

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Insights into the Interplay between the Urinary Microbiome and Bladder Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Pallares-Mendez,

Brassetti,

Bove

et al. 2024

JCM

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New insights in the urinary microbiome have led to a better understanding being built of the shifts in bacterial representations from health to disease; these hold promise as markers for diagnosis and therapeutic responses. Although several efforts have been made to identify a “core urinary microbiome”, different fingerprints have been identified in men and women that shift with age. The main bacterial groups overall include Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Although patients with bladder cancer have a microbiome that is similar to that of healthy individuals, differences have been observed at the species level with Fusobacterium nucleatum and Ralstonia, and at the genus level with Cutibacterium. Different bacterial representations may influence extracellular matrix composition, affecting tumor metastatic spreading and tumorigenic metalloproteinase expression. Furthermore, gene expression affecting targets of immune therapy, such as PD-L1, has been associated with changes in bacterial representations and therapeutic response to BCG. This comprehensive review aims to examine the influence of the urinary microbiome in bladder cancer.

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Is the Urinary and Gut Microbiome Associated With Bladder Cancer?

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Change in microbiota profile after vaginal estriol cream in postmenopausal women with stress incontinence

Change in microbiota profile after vaginal estriol cream in postmenopausal women with stress incontinence

Current Trends and Challenges of Microbiome Research in Bladder Cancer

Insights into the Interplay between the Urinary Microbiome and Bladder Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

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