Is slow steaming a sustainable means of reducing CO2 emissions from container shipping?

Cariou, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2010.12.005

Cited by 303 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In terms of environmental benefits, Ref. [17] provides a quantitative estimate of the reduction in emissions obtained by slow steaming. The author finds that reducing a vessel's speed by 10%, emissions decrease by at least 10-15%.…”

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchro-Modality and Slow Steaming: New Business Perspectives in Freight Transportation

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The logistics sector faces substantial challenges in meeting customer demands for higher service quality, speed and flexibility under conditions of continued growth in world trade and worldwide transportation movements, increasing distances and vulnerabilities of the supply chain. Additional challenges relate to the economic and environmental sustainability of logistics operations. While a lot of attention was devoted in the past decades to the operational and technical aspects, the business development phase has been put aside, causing the market failure of several projects. The paper presents the SYNCHRO-modal supply chain eco-NET (SYNCHRO-NET) project, which will demonstrate the effectiveness of slow steaming combined with synchro-modality in reducing the cost and the emissions of international supply chains and improving reliability and sustainability through the optimization of the planning process. Differently from other similar projects, SYNCHRO-NET combines operational aspects with a business perspective and represents a stakeholder-driven approach aimed at developing a close-to-market solution over the timeframe of the project.

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Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchro-Modality and Slow Steaming: New Business Perspectives in Freight Transportation

et al. 2017

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“…We use this baseline as the medium fuel price scenario. $400/MT, which characterizes a relatively low price from the past five years (Bunkerworld, 2012), is used as the low price scenario to reflect an identified key slow steaming breakeven point (Barnard, 2010b;Cariou, 2011). Without reasonable knowledge of future oil prices, a $1000/MT high benchmark is set based on the equivalent distance from the medium scenario ($700/MT) to the lower ($400/MT) bound.…”

Section: Rq2 -Volume and Fuel Price Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow steaming impacts on ocean carriers and shippers

2013

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A b s t r a c t Ocean container carriers have implemented slow steaming (reduced vesselspeeds) in recent years to improve fuel efficiency and lower greenhouse gas emissions. However, many shippers oppose the practice due to increased pipeline inventory associated with longer transit times. Given this conflict, this article seeks to quantify the costs and benefits of slow steaming relative to carriers and shippers. We simulate a high volume AsiaNorth America container trade lane to estimate slow steaming impacts under different vessel speeds, volumes and fuel prices. Under current conditions, the results justify slow steaming practices, revealing extra slow steaming as the most beneficial vessel speed with a 20 per cent reduction in total costs and a 43 per cent reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. Extra slow steaming is also optimal for future volumes and a wide range of fuel prices. Furthermore, the results detail carrier and shipper cost trade-offs, thus offering practical evidence and transparency to the industry on how to create financial equity in facilitating contractual-based agreements for vessel speed standards.

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“…Pierre Cariou's paper, Is slow steaming a sustainable means of reducing CO 2 emissions from container shipping? shows that "Reducing a vessel's speed by 10% decreases emissions by at least 10-15%" proving that "one positive effect of slow steaming is that it lowers CO 2 emissions that are proportional to the amount of fuel burned" (Cariou, 2011). In another study done by Ching-Chin Chang and Chia-Hong Chang, they used an activity-based method to evaluate fuel consumption against CO 2 emissions and found that "speed reductions of 10%, 20%, and 30% reduced fuel consumption by 27.1%, 48.8%, and 60.3% and CO 2 emissions by 19%, 36%, and 51%, respectively" (Chang & Chang, 2013).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Slow Steaming in Bulk Freight Markets

Boone

Laverne

Mileski

2017

RASI

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ABSTRACT:Slow steaming has recently been adopted into normal practice by many maritime shipping companies for the fuel and monetary savings it offers. The practice also offers savings in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. With regulations coming into play such as the 2020 sulfur cap, slow steaming may be the least costly option for some maritime companies to adjust their operations. While some have accepted the new practice, there are still companies and vessels that see this exercise as a loss of revenue due to the extra time it takes to deliver goods to their destination. This paper reviews how rating ships by their GHG emissions per nautical mile can be directly related to factors other than slow steaming such as age, deadweight tonnage and cargo type. We propose that ships with poor ratings (E, F, G) should rely on slow steaming but may also improve their CO 2 output addressing the other factors. Those with superior ratings (A, B, C, D) may also benefit from the implementation of slow steaming, but may also gain from practices addressing age, tonnage and cargo type. Further we will also examine how lowering emissions can benefit maritime businesses both economically and environmentally. Finally this paper reviews possible chain reactions that may occur if these eco-friendly shipping practices are observed. KEYWORDS: slow steaming, greenhouse gases, vessels, ecological transport Redução de emissões no transporte além do vapor lento RESUMO:O vapor lento foi recentemente adotado na prática normal por muitas companhias marítimas para a economia de combustível e monetária que oferece. A prática também oferece economias em emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE). Com os regulamentos que entram em jogo, como o limite de enxofre de 2020, o vapor lento pode ser a opção menos dispendiosa para algumas empresas marítimas ajustar suas operações. Enquanto alguns aceitaram a nova prática, ainda existem empresas e embarcações que vêem esse exercício como uma perda de receita devido ao tempo extra que leva para entregar bens ao seu destino. Este artigo analisa como a classificação dos navios por suas emissões de GEE por milha náutica pode ser diretamente relacionada a fatores como idade, tonelagem de peso morto e carga. Nós propomos que os navios com classificações ruins (E, F, G) encontrem regulamentos obrigatórios para diminuir o vapor ou melhorar sua produção de CO2 de alguma forma. Aqueles com classificações superiores (A, B, C, D) se beneficiariam de pacotes de incentivos ligados à sua implementação de vapor lento ou outras práticas. Também examinará como a redução das emissões pode beneficiar as empresas marítimas de forma econômica e ambiental. Finalmente, este artigo analisa possíveis reações em cadeia que podem ocorrer se essas práticas de transporte ecológico forem observadas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: vapor lento, gases de efeito estufa, embarcações, transporte ecológico R. Desembargador Ellis Hermydio Figueira, 783, Bloco A, sl. 218, Aterrado.27213-415 -Volta Redonda, RJ -Brasil www.uff.br Copyright © 2017 RASI. Todos os dir...

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Is slow steaming a sustainable means of reducing CO2 emissions from container shipping?

Cited by 303 publications

References 3 publications

Synchro-Modality and Slow Steaming: New Business Perspectives in Freight Transportation

Synchro-Modality and Slow Steaming: New Business Perspectives in Freight Transportation

Slow steaming impacts on ocean carriers and shippers

Beneficial Effects of Slow Steaming in Bulk Freight Markets

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