Is S-100 Protein a Suitable Marker for Adult Schwann Cells?

Garavito, Zayra; Sutachán, Jhon J.; Muñetón, Vilma C.; Hurtado, Hernán

doi:10.1290/1071-2690(2000)036<0281:ispasm>2.0.co;2

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Electrically activated fibroblasts are known to produce FGF1, FGF2 (Rouabhia et al, ), IL‐2, and IL‐6 (Shi et al, ) which are pro‐angiogenic and pro‐tissue repair. While S100 has been widely used as a general marker for Schwann cells, studies have reported weak and strong S100 stain and have suggested this activity to be associated with Schwann cell subpopulations (Garavito et al, ; Wewetzer, ). Another study associated S100 preferentially to the myelin‐forming phenotype (Mata et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex Vivo Assay of Electrical Stimulation to Rat Sciatic Nerves: Cell Behaviors and Growth Factor Expression

Bondarenko

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Neurite outgrowth and axon regeneration are known to benefit from electrical stimulation. However, how neuritis and their surroundings react to electrical field is difficult to replicate by monolayer cell culture. In this work freshly harvested rat sciatic nerves were cultured and exposed to two types of electrical field, after which time the nerve tissues were immunohistologically stained and the expression of neurotrophic factors and cytokines were evaluated. ELISA assay was used to confirm the production of specific proteins. All cell populations survived the 48 h culture with little necrosis. Electrical stimulation was found to accelerate Wallerian degeneration and help Schwann cells to switch into migratory phenotype. Inductive electrical stimulation was shown to upregulate the secretion of multiple neurotrophic factors. Cellular distribution in nerve tissue was altered upon the application of an electrical field. This work thus presents an ex vivo model to study denervated axon in well controlled electrical field, bridging monolayer cell culture and animal experiment. It also demonstrated the critical role of electrical field distribution in regulating cellular activities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex Vivo Assay of Electrical Stimulation to Rat Sciatic Nerves: Cell Behaviors and Growth Factor Expression

Bondarenko

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal Cellular Physiology

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“…Immunohistochemical methods were used to identify the presence of mature nerve (neurofilament), growing nerves (GAP-43) (Goslin et al, 1990), and the presence of Schwann cells (GFAP – glial fibrillary acidic protein) (Triolo et al, 2006) in the tissues of interest. GFAP was chosen as the marker for Schwann cells because previous studies have demonstrated that Schwann cells retain expression of GFAP following dedifferentiation while losing the expression of other mature markers such as S-100 (Jessen and Mirsky, 1991; Garavito et al, 2000; Triolo et al, 2006). In a separate prospective study, primary spinal cord neurons were isolated from embryonic rat spinal cords and cultured upon UBM, and examined for the expression of neuron and glial specific markers (β-tubulin-III and GFAP) by immunofluorescent labeling techniques.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of innervation following extracellular matrix scaffold-mediated remodelling of muscular tissues

Agrawal

Brown

Beattie

et al. 2009

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Naturally occurring porcine derived extracellular matrix (ECM) has successfully been used as a biologic scaffold material for site-specific reconstruction of a wide variety of tissues. The sitespecific remodeling process includes rapid degradation of the scaffold with concomitant recruitment of mononuclear cells, endothelial cells, and bone marrow derived cells, and can lead to formation of functional skeletal and smooth muscle tissue. However, the temporal and spatial patterns of innervation of the remodeling scaffold material in muscular tissues are not well understood. A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the presence of nervous tissue in a rat model of abdominal wall reconstruction and a canine model of esophageal reconstruction in which ECM scaffolds were used as inductive scaffolds. Evidence of mature nerve, immature nerve, and Schwann cells was found within the remodeled ECM at 28 days in the rat body wall model, and at 91 days post surgery in a canine model of esophageal repair. Additionally, a microscopic and morphologic study that investigated the response of primary cultured neurons seeded upon an ECM scaffold showed that neuronal survival and outgrowth was supported by the ECM substrate. Finally, matricryptic peptides resulting from rapid degradation of the ECM scaffold induced migration of terminal Schwann cells in a concentration dependent fashion in vitro. The findings of this study suggest that the reconstruction of tissues in which innervation is an important functional component is possible with use of biologic scaffolds composed of extracellular matrix.

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Nerve Density and Neuronal Biomarkers in Cancer

Ali

Jordan

Nagarajan

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Certain histologic characteristics of neurons, novel neuronal biomarkers, and nerve density are emerging as important diagnostic and prognostic tools in several cancers. The tumor microenvironment has long been known to promote tumor development via promoting angiogenesis and cellular proliferation, but new evidence has shown that neural proliferation and invasion in the tumor microenvironment may also enable tumor growth. Specific neuronal components in peripheral nerves and their localization in certain tumor sites have been identified and associated with tumor aggressiveness. In addition, dense neural innervation has been shown to promote tumorigenesis. In this review, we will summarize the histological components of a nerve, explore the neuronal biomarkers found in tumor sites, and discuss clinical correlates between tumor neurobiology and patient prognosis.

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Is S-100 Protein a Suitable Marker for Adult Schwann Cells?

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Ex Vivo Assay of Electrical Stimulation to Rat Sciatic Nerves: Cell Behaviors and Growth Factor Expression

Ex Vivo Assay of Electrical Stimulation to Rat Sciatic Nerves: Cell Behaviors and Growth Factor Expression

Evidence of innervation following extracellular matrix scaffold-mediated remodelling of muscular tissues

Nerve Density and Neuronal Biomarkers in Cancer

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