Is Outdoor Recreational Activity an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality - NHANES III?

Donneyong, Macarius; Taylor, K.C.; Kerber, Richard A.; Hornung, Carlton A.; Scragg, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.06.026

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Recent evidence suggests sun exposure might have a protective role in cardiovascular disease explained by the mobilization of nitric oxide skin stores to systemic circulation, which reduces systolic blood pressure (35). In agreement with this, observational studies have shown a reduction in blood pressure in participants who were more sunexposed, but these changes were not signi cant after adjusting for potential confounders (28). Since nitric oxide vasodilation is an immediate effect of sun exposure, cumulative exposure might not re ect the protective role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Sun exposure and intima-media thickness in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort

Aguilar

Muñoz-Aguirre²,

Cortés-Valencia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Previous studies have evaluated how sun exposure affects cardiovascular health. In this sense, some evidence from ecological studies have found an inverse relationship between sun exposure and blood pressure or CVD. The aim of this study is to determine whether long-term sun exposure has a protective role in subclinical cardiovascular disease in adult Mexican women. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a sample of women from the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort (MTC) study. Sun exposure was assessed in the MTC 2008 baseline questionnaire, in which women were asked about their sun-related behavior. Vascular neurologists measured carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) using standard techniques. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the percentage difference in mean IMT and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), according to categories of sun exposure and multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs for carotid atherosclerosis. Results The mean age of participants was 49.6 ± 5.5 years, the mean IMT was 0.678 ± 0.097 mm, and the mean accumulated hours of weekly sun exposure were 2.9 ± 1.9. Prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was 20.9%. Compared to women in the lowest category of sun exposure, the multivariate adjusted ORs of carotid atherosclerosis were 0.54 (95%CI: 0.24, 1.18) for women who were exposed 9 hours. For women who denied regular sun screen use, those in the higher exposure category (9 hours) had lower mean IMT compared to those in the lower category (multivariable-adjusted mean % difference = -2.67; 95%CI: -6.9, -1.5). Conclusion In general, we observed that cumulative sun exposure was inversely associated with IMT and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Our findings suggest that public health messages should also consider the sun’s positive role for health, while still emphasizing the negative impacts of excessive exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…There is rising evidence that sun exposure might play a protective role in mortality and cardiovascular outcomes (16,24,28). Historically, vitamin D synthesis has been the proposed mechanism for safe sun exposure, by modifying calcium in ux into endothelial cells as well as effects on vascular tone (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sun exposure and intima-media thickness in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort

Aguilar

Muñoz-Aguirre²,

Cortés-Valencia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…22 These known associative factors not only could increase myocardial infarction by as much as 50% in vitamin Dedeficient individuals but also increases their mortality risk to 100% during a myocardial infarction. 6 In contrast, a recent study 23 reported that those who regularly engage in outdoor activities had a lower cardiovascular disease mortality rate, regardless of their serum D levels. Sunlight has protective effects dependent and independent of vitamin D synthesis because of other non-UVB factors like nitric oxide production (a vasodilator).…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of Vitamin D Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 92%

Sunlight in Vitamin D Deficiency: Clinical Implications

Sakamoto¹

2019

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners

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Recent evidence shows that hypovitaminosis D can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. This article highlights the role of sunlight in vitamin D deficiency and its consequences for age-related diseases among older adults. The unique content of this article is the review of factors influencing vitamin D levels, primarily the lack of sun exposure whereby health providers' strategies can impact the reduction of vitamin D deficiency and its complications. Recommendations for vitamin D 3 supplementation are discussed. Clinical trials are needed to investigate specific measures to increase exposure to sunlight, mobilizing providers to take action to eliminate vitamin D deficiency worldwide.

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“…In the current study, we included 2,663 deaths from all-cause, cancer and Guideline-based categories: Inactive (no reported regular activity); insufficient (>0 to <500 MET-min/week); moderate: (500-1,000 MET-min/week); and high (>1,000 MET-min/week). 2 Continuous variables summarized as mean (95% CI), categorical variables as n (%). 3 "Other Race" includes individuals reporting multiple races.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity, dietary calcium to magnesium intake and mortality in the National Health and Examination Survey 1999–2006 cohort

Hibler

Zhu

Shrubsole

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Calcium and magnesium affect muscle mass and function. Magnesium and calcium are also important for optimal vitamin D status. Vitamin D status modifies the associations between physical activity and risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality. However, no study examined whether levels of magnesium and calcium and the ratio of dietary calcium to magnesium (Ca:Mg) intake modify the relationship between physical activity and mortality. We included 20,295 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants (1999–2006) aged >20 years with complete dietary, physical activity and mortality data (2,663 deaths). We assessed physical activity based on public health guidelines and sex‐specific tertiles of MET‐minutes/week. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounding factors and stratified by the intakes of magnesium, calcium, Ca:Mg ratio. We found higher physical activity was significantly associated with reduced risk of total mortality and cause‐specific mortality, regardless of Ca:Mg ratio, magnesium or calcium intake. In contrast, both moderate and high physical activity were significantly associated with substantially reduced risks of mortality due to cancer when magnesium intake was above the RDA level. We also found higher physical activity was significantly associated with a reduced risk of mortality due to cancer only when Ca:Mg ratios were between 1.7 and 2.6, although the interaction was not significant. Overall, dietary magnesium and, potentially, the Ca:Mg ratio modify the relationship between physical activity and cause‐specific mortality. Further study is important to understand the modifying effects of the balance between calcium and magnesium intake on physical activity for chronic disease prevention.

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Is Outdoor Recreational Activity an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality - NHANES III?

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Sun exposure and intima-media thickness in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort

Sun exposure and intima-media thickness in the Mexican Teachers' Cohort

Sunlight in Vitamin D Deficiency: Clinical Implications

Physical activity, dietary calcium to magnesium intake and mortality in the National Health and Examination Survey 1999–2006 cohort

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