Is learning by exporting technology specific? Evidence from Chinese firms

A Study on the Competitiveness and Influencing Factors of the Digital Service Trade

“…There are many factors affecting the export of the digital service trade. From the perspective of market influencing factors, increasing information transparency and using Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) in exporting countries may lessen the negative impact of stringent laws on the domestic export of digital services (Fang, W., Zhaoyuan, X. and Xiaoyong D., 2019) [35]. Meanwhile, domestic and global digital agendas have highlighted the significance of enterprises' expertise in exporting the trade of digital services (Mandi, J. and Peng, J., 2022) [36].…”

Nexus between export, productivity, and competitiveness in the Indian manufacturing sector

“…First, the "learning by exporting" theory claims that exporting to the international market boosts learning effects for firms, which results in increased productivity and competitiveness (Bernard & Wagner, 1997;Fernandes & Isgut, 2005;Kraay, 1999;Yousefi, Madanizadeh, & Sobhani, 2019). Some relevant studies that examine this hypothesis are Jensen (1999, 2004), who studied firms in the United States; Girma et al (2004), who researched firms in the United Kingdom; Wagner (2002), who studied German companies; Clerides et al (1998), who studied companies in Colombia, Morocco, and Mexico;and Aw, Chung, and Roberts (2000), who researched companies in Taiwan, and Wang, Xu, and Dai (2021), who examined the case of Chinese firms. These studies find that firms that engage in exports are typically more productive than those that do not.…”