“…To investigate cultural differences at the collective level, past research has examined themes in magazine advertisements (H. Kim & Markus, 1999) and in popular music lyrics (Snibbe & Markus, 2005) as meaningful public representations of cultural values that offer a more complete understanding of divergent cultural models (Morling & Lamoreaux, 2008). In the present study, we conducted a content analysis of mission statements on church websites, as they are publicly shared venues for the church's values and practices (K. Kim, 2007;Sturgill, 2004) and are ubiquitous in both the United States and Korea (e.g., P. Kim, 2006;Rhee & Kim, 2006;Stevens, Dunn, Loudon, & Cole, 2002). Specifically, Study 1 examined how culturally shaped religious teachings may manifest themselves in cultural products (i.e., online church mission statements) in European American and Korean cultural contexts.…”