Is Floral Longevity Influenced by Reproductive Costs and Pollination Success in Cohniella ascendens (Orchidaceae)?

Abdala‐Roberts, Luis; Parra-Tabla, Vı́ctor; Navarro, Jorge

doi:10.1093/aob/mcm219

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Despite this, documentation of a shared pollinator has been recorded between bee-UV-green Oncidiinae and Malpighiaceae. Solitary oil-collecting bees in the family Apidae are known to be important pollinators of many plant species in the Neotropics, including B. crassifolia and other Malpighiaceae, as well as a number of Oncidiinae orchids, including T. ascendens [29,37,40,56,57]. In some sites, additional bee-UV-green species were present, namely Vochysia sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent evolution of floral signals underlies the success of Neotropical orchids

et al. 2013

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The great majority of plant species in the tropics require animals to achieve pollination, but the exact role of floral signals in attraction of animal pollinators is often debated. Many plants provide a floral reward to attract a guild of pollinators, and it has been proposed that floral signals of non-rewarding species may converge on those of rewarding species to exploit the relationship of the latter with their pollinators. In the orchid family (Orchidaceae), pollination is almost universally animal-mediated, but a third of species provide no floral reward, which suggests that deceptive pollination mechanisms are prevalent. Here, we examine floral colour and shape convergence in Neotropical plant communities, focusing on certain food-deceptive Oncidiinae orchids (e.g. Trichocentrum ascendens and Oncidium nebulosum) and rewarding species of Malpighiaceae. We show that the species from these two distantly related families are often more similar in floral colour and shape than expected by chance and propose that a system of multifarious floral mimicry—a form of Batesian mimicry that involves multiple models and is more complex than a simple one model–one mimic system—operates in these orchids. The same mimetic pollination system has evolved at least 14 times within the species-rich Oncidiinae throughout the Neotropics. These results help explain the extraordinary diversification of Neotropical orchids and highlight the complexity of plant–animal interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent evolution of floral signals underlies the success of Neotropical orchids

et al. 2013

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“…(Pijl & Dodson, 1966). In these plants, greater longevity is observed in non-pollinated flowers; pollination promotes rapid changes that induce floral senescence (Proctor & Harder, 1995;Martini et al, 2003;Abdala-Roberts et al, 2007). The long-lived orchid flowers have been interpreted as an adaptation to low pollinator activity (Stpiczynska, 2003), increasing the chances of pollination and thus the reproductive success (Pijl & Dodson, 1966;Martini et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the pollination efficiency of long-lived orchid flowers affected by age?

2015

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RESUMOThe long-lived flowers of orchids increase the chances of pollination and thus the reproductive success of the species. However, a question arises: does the efficiency of pollination, expressed by fruit set, vary with the flower age? The objective of this study was to verify whether the flower age of Corymborkis flava (Sw.) Kuntze affects pollination efficiency. The following hypotheses were tested: 1) the fruit set of older flowers is lower than that of younger ones; 2) morphological observations (perianth and stigmatic area), stigma receptivity test by using a solution of hydrogen peroxide and hand-pollination tests are equally effective in defining the period of stigmatic receptivity. Flowers were found to be receptive from the first to the fourth day of anthesis. Fruit set of older flowers (third and fourth day) was lower than that of younger flowers. Morphological observations, the stigma receptivity test and hand-pollinations were equally effective in defining the period of stigmatic receptivity. However, to evaluate the maximum degree of stigma receptivity of orchid species with long-lived flowers, we recommend hand-pollinations, beyond the period of receptivity.

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“…According to Lloyd's (1980) serial adjustment hypothesis, the relative resource allocation is continuously modulated and interconnected as the allocation of resources to one function comes at the expense of another. For instance, an elevated investment in the production of fruits due to high pollination success may subsequently affect reproductive traits such as flower shape (Brys et al 2011) or longevity (Abdala-Roberts et al 2007). Similarly, fruit or seed predation may increase the overall flower production as a result of reallocation of the reproductive resources (Freeman et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivory Increases Fruit Set in Silene latifolia: A Consequence of Induced Pollinator-Attracting Floral Volatiles?

et al. 2015

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Although the effect of herbivory on plant reproduction has been investigated in some detail, little is known about how herbivores affect floral signalling. Here, we investigated the effect of foliar herbivory by the African Cotton Leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis) on floral signalling and fruit set in the White Campion (Silene latifolia). We found no effects of herbivory on floral traits involved in visual signalling (flower number, corolla diameter, calyx length, petal length) or in amount of nectar produced. However, Spodoptera-infested plants emitted higher amounts of the two floral volatiles, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and β-ocimene, than control plants. Open pollinated, infested plants also were found to produce more fruits than control plants, but only with nocturnal pollinators. Experimental addition of the two induced floral volatiles to non-infested Silene flowers also led to the production of more fruits with nocturnal pollination. This suggests that higher fruit production in herbivore-infested plants was caused by increased nocturnal pollinator attraction, mediated by the induced floral emission of these two volatiles. Our results show that the effects of herbivory on plant reproductive success are not necessarily detrimental, as plants can compensate herbivory with increased investment in pollinator attraction.

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Is Floral Longevity Influenced by Reproductive Costs and Pollination Success in Cohniella ascendens (Orchidaceae)?

Abstract: The results emphasize the strong relationship between floral longevity and pollination in orchids, as well as the influence of reproductive costs on the former.

Cited by 46 publications

References 11 publications

Convergent evolution of floral signals underlies the success of Neotropical orchids

Convergent evolution of floral signals underlies the success of Neotropical orchids

Is the pollination efficiency of long-lived orchid flowers affected by age?

Herbivory Increases Fruit Set in Silene latifolia: A Consequence of Induced Pollinator-Attracting Floral Volatiles?

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